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NCM 116 RLE (Prelims) > Capillary Blood Glucose > Flashcards

Capillary Blood Glucose Flashcards

1
Q

Little to no insulin
20-30% hereditary
Ketoacidosis

A

Type 1 IDDM

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2
Q

Some insulin produced
90% hereditary

A

Type 2 NIDDM

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3
Q

During pregnancy

A

Gestational Diabetes

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4
Q

Signs and Symptoms

A

Polyphagia
Polydipsia
Polyuria
Weight loss
Fatigue

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5
Q

Extreme thirstiness

A

Polydipsia

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6
Q

Excessive eating

A

Polyphagia

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7
Q

Excessive urine production

A

Polyuria

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8
Q

Complications

A

Stroke
Heart attack
Peripheral artery disease
Diabetic retinopathy
Cataracts
Glaucoma
Diabetic foot
Diabetic nephropathy
Peripheral neuropathy

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9
Q

Blood sugar mnemonic

Hot and Dry

A

Sugar high

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10
Q

Blood sugar mnemonic

Cold and clammy

A

Need some candy

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11
Q

High blood glucose

A

Hyperglycemia

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12
Q

Cause of Hyperglycemia

A

Too much food, too little insulin or diabetes pills, illness, stress

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13
Q

Symptoms: Hyperglycemia

A

Extreme thirst, hungry
Dry skin, need to urinate often
Blurry vision, drowsy
Slow-healing wounds

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14
Q

What to do: Hyperglycemia

A

Check blood glucose
Call healthcare provider

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15
Q

Mnemonic: Hypoglycemia

A

HE - Headache
IS - Irritable/sweating
T - Tachycardia
I - Irritability
R - Restlessness
E - Excessive hunger
D - Dizziness

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16
Q

The cornerstone of diabetes management

A

Blood Glucose Monitoring

17
Q

Different ways to monitor Blood Glucose Levels

A
  1. Continuous Glucose Monitoring
  2. HbA1c (Glycosylated Hemoglobin)
  3. Self-monitoring of Blood Glucose
18
Q

Measures the level of blood sugar and displays it on screen

A

Blood Glucose Meters

19
Q

Equipment needed for CBG monitoring

A

Blood glucose meter
Pricker (penlet)
Lancet (needle)
Calibrator strip
Test pad or strip
Cotton balls (dry and wet)

20
Q

Recommended Blood Sugar Level

Before meals

A

Normal: <110mg/dl
Blood glucose goal: 80-120mg/dl

21
Q

Recommended Blood Sugar Level

2hrs after meal

A

Normal: <140mg/dl
Blood glucose goal: <180mg/dl

22
Q

Recommended Blood Sugar Level

Bed time

A

Normal: <120mg/dl
Blood glucose goal: 100-140mg/dl

23
Q

Factors affecting SMBG performance

A
  1. Visual acuity
  2. Fine motor coordination
  3. Cognitive ability
  4. Comfort with technology
  5. Willingness to use it
  6. Cost
24
Q

Common cause of error when using the BG meter

A
  1. Not applying enough blood into the strip pad
  2. Incorrect timing of the test
  3. Failure to clean the meter
  4. Improper handling and storage of test pads and meters
  5. Outdated strips
  6. Some meters can check ketones
25
Q

Candidates for SMBG

A
  1. Unstable diabetes
  2. A tendency to develop severe ketosis and hypoglycemia
  3. Hypoglycemia without warning symptoms

NCM 116 RLE (Prelims) (7 decks)

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