Canterbury Presentation Flashcards
Flucticasone Propionate can be used in?
4 y/o +
Flutciasone furuoate can be used in?
2 y/o +
1st gen antihistamines can cross and cause what?
2nd gen anthistamines can cross and cause what?
1st gen - BBB and sedation - used with caution
2nd gen - NO CROSSING - does not cause sedation
Use anthistamines as what prior to exercising?
Prophylaxis
Azelastine age restrictions for prescribing?
5-11 y/o half dose; 12+ full dose
How long should you use sympathomimetics for?
3-5 days ONLY; can cause serious adverse effects if used longer such as rebound sutffiness, CV events, stroke, death.
Antihistamines can cause what kind of reaction in the elderly?
Glaucoma and BPH
Best antitussive agent?
Dextamethorphan
What should you avoid in the common cold?
Abx, it will go away
When should you avoid OTC pediatric cold meds?
< 6 y/o
Purpose of Asthma medication usage?
DECREASE impairment and DECREASE risk
COPD diagnosis regarding FEV1/FVC?
<0.70 (this claims there is some form of obsturction
You want > 0.75 in older adults and >0.85 in young adults and adolescents
Initial tx/order of asthma: I Like Lazy Saturdays
ICS
Leukotreine mods
LABA
SABA
Goal of asthma therapy: SABAs and ICS
ICS as PRN
uses SABAs as PRN and sparingly
USE TOGETHER
1 controller of asthma?
ICS (budesonide and fluticasone)
A/e of ICS for use of asthma? HOCUS pocus
Hoarseness
oral thrush
coughing
URI
sor throat
Leukotriene mod MAJOR adverse effect? BLACK BOX?
neuropsychiatric effects such as insomnia, depression, night terrors, anxiety
BIG 3 uses of Montelukast?
asthma prophylaxis 1 y/o+
decreasing exercise bronchospasm in 15 y/o+
relief of allergic rhinitis
When would you use cromolyn (MCS)?
prior to an asthma attack!!! NEVER GIVE DURING!!!!! Will not affect it
Omalizumab should have what lab drawn prior?
needs antibody test prior to use to identify antibody presence of IgE
What medication should be paired with a LABA to decrease mortality? Why?
ICS d/t ICS managing inflammation, LABAs do not decrease inflammation only bronchodilate
Theophylline needs what life style modification? Why?
Smoking cessation d/t smoking accelerating metabolism…. the medication will have no affect if the medication is rapidly metabolized.
Ipratopium can only be used for what?
COPD ONLY, can be used off label for asthma
Ipratopium can worsen?
Glaucoma…
Aclidium is what class of med? What is it contraindicated in?
LAMA; patients with glaucoma and urinary retention….. can further worsen both
Bacteriostatic vs. Bactericidal?
static - decreases protein synthesis (decrease replication – “static”)
cidal - kills
What major bacteria does tetracycline target?
Mycoplasma
Clindamycin can cause what? What do you do if this occurs?
C. diff, stop and initiate vancomycin
Macrolides can cause what?
Widening QT interval
Linezolid is used for?
Untreatable infx such as MRSA, VRE, etc.
Most aminoglycosides are what? static or cidal?
CIDAL!
What happens if you increase aminoglyocisde dose?
Increase clearance of infx
What do you monitor for in regards to gentamicin?
RENAL and OTOTOXICITY d/t narrow index
How do you monitor for chronic gentmicin use?
Trough and peak
GATHER TROUGH prior to admin to assess narrow index
What can cause gentamicin otoxicity and nephrotoxicity?
High gentamicin troughs
Tobramycin and Aztreonam use?
Nebulization for P. aerugonia
Increase concatenation in the airways; decrease systemic concentration = increase safety
What two things are trimethoprim is used for?
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazate is ued for?
Travelers diarrhea, middle ear inf
Pneumostatic pneumonia (PCP)
You should not use a sulfonamide in what age group?
< 2 mos r/t kernicterus
When is an individual clear of TB?
Sputum is clear of mycobacterium r/t tx – still take medications post sputum clearance to avoid recurrence and resistance
Isnoiazid (INH) is used as what?
single tx of active TB
prophylaxis for TB
Primary tx of active TB?
Rifampin and INH
Rifampin can cause what in a patient?
red/orange excretions
What is the biggest issue for INH?
Resistance
What should you monitor for a pt on INH?
LFTs every 2 weeks
Rifampin can do what if not trying to get pregnant?
decrease contraception abilities
What should you monitor for pts on rifampin?
LFTs
Ethambutol is contraindicated in what pt population?
NOT RECOMMENDED FOR CHILDREN
Ethambutol can cause what?
Optic neuritis - can cause distortion of colors
Amphotericin B can cause what?
ALWAYS CAUSE renal toxicity, will improve once off
What should you monitor with a patient on amphotericin B?
Renal fx test q 3-4 days
What antifungal should a woman not take?
Ketoconazole d/t hepatotoxicity
What fluoroquinolone can you use for kids >28 days?
Levofloxacin
What fluoroquinoline can you NOT use for kids < 16 y/o?
Ciprofloxacin
