Cancer Continued

Question 1

Hereditary no polyposis colorectal cancer

Answer 1

Lunch syndrome

Question 2

Caused by mutation of mismatch repair genes

Answer 2

Lynch syndrome

Question 3

Caused by germline mutation of Tumor suppressor gene TP53

Answer 3

Li Fraumeni syndrome

Question 4

TP53 mutation causes what kind of tumors?

Answer 4

Sarcoma of bone and soft tissue, breast brain, adrenal cortex.

Question 5

Arises from translocation activating BCL-2 oncogene

Answer 5

B-cell lymphoma

Question 6

What causes chronic myeloid leukemia

Answer 6

Chromosomal translocation of 9 & 12.

Philadelphia chromosome.

Question 7

What genes are are abnormally positioned in Philadelphia chromosome?

Answer 7

BCR and ABL

Question 8

What protein is activated with BCR-ABL fusion and stimulates cells to continually divide?

Answer 8

Tyrosine kinase

Question 9

What virus causes B-cell lymphoma?

Answer 9

Epstein-Barr

Question 10

Viruses that cause Hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 10

Hep B and C

Question 11

Virus that leads to head, neck, and anogenital cancers

Answer 11

HPV

Question 12

How does HPV cause cancer?

Answer 12

It produces proteins E and L which degrade prb and p53 tumor suppressors allowing proliferation of cells.

Question 13

How is Imatinib effective?

Answer 13

Targets tyrosine kinase

Question 14

What kind of cancer would I treat with Imatinib?

Answer 14

Chronic myeloid leukemia

Question 15

What drugs decrease HER2 gene activity?

Answer 15

Trastazumab and lapatinib

Question 16

Four process of aging that promote cancer development

Answer 16

1. Favorable environment
2. Accumulation of cell mutations
3. Decline in immune function
4. Alterations in hematopoietic stem cells (myelodysplastic syndrome) (leukemias)