Cancer and Biotechnology Flashcards
Cancer
A disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body. A malignant tumor from the division of abnormal cells
Progeny
Offspring from sexual reproduction
Tumor supressor genes
AKA anticogene and it protects the cell from one step on the path to cancer. When it mutates, it causes the cell to progress to cancer.
Genome
A complete set of an organisms genes; an organism’s genetic material
Metastasize/Malignant
- Spread through circulation
- A tumor that spreads into neighboring tissues and other parts of the body. Separates from the original tumor or secretes signals to cause blood vessels of circulatory system and cancer cells spread through the circulatory system (Metastasis).
Apoptosis
Cell death/suicide
Oncogenes
-A gene that is a mutated/changed form of a involved in normal cell growth and may cause cancer.
Pathology
-The study of pathogens (agents like a virus,bacteria, or fungus that causes disease).
Cyclin
Moves cell from G1 to Mitosis. A checking protein.
-Checkpoint
Angiogenesis
-The development of new blood vessels
p53
Prevents cells from completing mitosis cycle if the DNA or other parts of the cell are damaged. If the damage is minor, then the progress is halted until repairs are completed or if the damage cannot be repaired, then p53 triggers apoptosis. A checking protein.
-Checkpoint
Biotechnology def
The manipulation of organisms or components to make useful products
Link between cancer and mitosis
Cancer is caused from uncontrolled mitosis/is uncontrolled mitosis and it doesn’t follow the checkpoints of mitosis.They divide very often and grow into tumors
Factors that influence cancer
- Genetics
- Excessive exposure to UV light
- Diet
- Tobacco
- Obesity
- Hormones
- Radiation
How is cancer diagnosed
By looking at tissue under a microscope, lab tests (pathology_, scans, biopsy.
-Cancer cells have a lot of nuclei and large and have multiple nucleoli, coarse, chromatin and small cytoplasm
