Cancer

Question 1

Cancer cell

Answer 1

Cell that continues to divide despite messages from the nucleus or surrounding cells that tell it to stop.

Question 2

Type of areas prone to cancer

Answer 2

Areas where cells are dividing rapidly. Example: Lung, breast, intestinal tract.

Question 3

Malignant Tumor (cancerous)

Answer 3

Harms surrounding cells + migrate to other parts of body

Question 4

Benign Tumor (non-cancerous)

Answer 4

Doesn’t harm surrounding cells + don’t migrate to other parts of body

Question 5

Metastasis (cancerous)

Answer 5

Tumor/cancer cells spread from their original source

Question 6

Mutation

Answer 6

Cell division causing random changes

Question 7

Number of mutation needed to convert a normal cell to cancer cell

Answer 7

7+

Question 8

Mutagen

Answer 8

Substance or agent inducing heritable change in cells or organisms

Question 9

Carcinogen

Answer 9

Substance that induces unregulated growth processes in cells or tissues (cancer)

Question 10

Metastasis and secondary tumor formation

Answer 10

1. Primary tumor develops (as group of cells are growing out of control)
2. Tumor gets bigger and stimulates blood vessels to supply it from surrounding tissues
3. Tumor cells squeeze into blood and lymph vessels and move to other parts of body (called metastasis)
4. when tumor cells reach other areas of body, they grow and form secondary tumors.

Question 11

Cancer cell traits

Answer 11

1. Less time in inter phase
2. Uncontrolled mitosis
3. Grow faster
4. Break away from groups of cells and travel to other places
5. Different physical structure – have parts allowing them to grab onto other cells

Question 12

Tumor

Answer 12

Cluster of cells going through uncontrolled mitosis

Question 13

Treatments of cancer

Answer 13

Radiation Therapy
Biopsy
Chemotherapy
Surgery

Question 14

Biopsy

Answer 14

Doctor takes sample cells from tumor to analyze under a microscope to determine its nature.

Question 15

Radiation Therapy

Answer 15

Directing radiation at tumor. Kills cells in tumor to shrink and kill it.

Question 16

Chemotherapy

Answer 16

Inject drugs into body via injection. Kill cells quickly and aggressively. Also kills normal cells leaving patient weak.

Question 17

Surgery

Answer 17

Removal of tumor to remove cancer from body and reduce chance of it spreading

Question 18

Signs of Melanoma

Answer 18

Asymmetry (Both halves don’t look identical)
Border (Ragged/irregular edges)
Color (different color throughout mole)
Diameter (diameter larger than pencil eraser)

Question 19

Causes of Cancer

Answer 19

Chemicals (cause mutation)
UV Radiation (DNA mutation)
Viruses 
X-Rays (radiate cells causing mutation)
Genetics (some genes are more likely to mutate or have cancerous properties)

Question 20

Reason as to why cancer cells are harmful

Answer 20

They keep reproducing at high rate causing body to put energy into their production. This energy devoted to them causes normal cells to suffer.