Cancer

Question 1

thrombocytopenia that cause purupura, petechial and bleeding

• short stature
• café au lait spots
• skeletal malformation like the absence of a thumb and radius

Answer 1

aplastic anemia

Question 2

What does the CBC of aplastic anemia look like?

Answer 2

progressive pancytopenia

Question 3

progressive pancytopenia

Answer 3

aplastic anemia

Question 4

what is the difference between alpha and beta thalassemia?

Answer 4

beta: no response to iron therapy

Question 5

Anemia with elevated reticulocyte count and maybe jaundice +/-heptosplenomeagly

Answer 5

sickle cell anemia

Question 6

What is dactylitis and what is it associated with?

Answer 6

sausage digits! sickle cell anemia

Question 7

With iron deficiency anemia, at what age are you more concerned about chronic blood loss?

Answer 7

older than 2 years old, if the patient is younger than that think poor dietary intake

Question 8

Can cause neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 8

G6PD deficiency

Question 9

Have episodic hemolysis at times of oxidant stress

Answer 9

G6PD deficiency

Question 10

What type of cells are associated with G6PD?

Answer 10

bite cells or blister cells; may see Heinz bodies in stains

Question 11

How do you prevent the episodic hemolysis associated with G6DP?

Answer 11

avoid fava beans, avoid infections and avoid drugs associated with hemolysis

Question 12

Otherwise healthy child, markedly decreased platelet count, petechiae, eechymoses

Answer 12

idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Question 13

This is the most common bleeding disorder in childhood

Answer 13

acute ITP; often following an infection or virus

Question 14

The goal of treatment is to raise factor VII activity

Answer 14

hemophilia

Question 15

Easy bruising, epistaxis, menorrhagia, prolonged PFA, reduced activity of vWF

Answer 15

von willebrand disease

Question 16

Bone pain that is especially prominent in pelvis and vertebrae with single or multiple cytopenias

Answer 16

acute leukemia

Question 17

Bone marrow shows 20% or more leukemic blasts

Answer 17

acute myeloid leukemia

Question 18

Bone marrow shoes more than 25% lymphoblasts

Answer 18

acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Question 19

More common in adolescents/young adult- bimodal distribution usually in the cervical/supraclavicular lymph nodes

Answer 19

hodgkins lymphoma

Question 20

Most common brain tumor in children

Answer 20

astrocytoma

Question 21

What is the classic triad of brain tumors?

Answer 21

morning headache, vomiting, papilledema

Question 22

Codman triangle

Answer 22

osteosarcoma

Question 23

Pain at tumor site, usually in Caucasian males in second decade of life

Answer 23

Ewing sarcoma

Question 24

Can present with hypertension, GI malformations, ianiridia

Answer 24

wilms tumor

Question 25

Where do you find a wilms tumor?

Answer 25

abdominal mass or swelling, usually smooth, firm, well demarcated