cancer

Question 1

What is genetic testing?

Answer 1

Its any test that is capable of identifying changes in DNA

Question 2

Genetic testing utilizes what types of samples?

Answer 2

spit and blood

Question 3

Why do people get genetic testing?

Answer 3

To see if there are any genetic conditions that they need to prepare for, to see if they inherited a genetic disease, to diagnose a genetic disease, and create a treatment plan

Question 4

Is genetic testing on a singular gene or the whole genome?

Answer 4

both

Question 5

True or false. Creating a pedigree is done before getting genetic testing

Answer 5

true

Question 6

What do genetic counselors do?

Answer 6

They use information from pedigrees and recognize patterns of inheritance and decide which individuals benefit form genetic testing.

Question 7

What do pedigree’s show?

Answer 7

The relationship between individuals and affected family members.

Question 8

What is hereditary colon cancer?

Answer 8

(HNPCC) It is hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and its 5%of all diagnose colon cancers.

Question 9

What causes HNPCC?

Answer 9

One of 4 mutated caretaker or mismatch repair genes. (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2). it is a recessive disease

Question 10

What is a caretaker gene?

Answer 10

They scan the genome to help repair DNA mutations

Question 11

Does inheriting one of the mutated genes guarantee your get HNPCC?

Answer 11

no only 80% chance and occurs when both parents have the mutated gene.

Question 12

True or false. cancer can start in most cell types

Answer 12

true

Question 13

True or false. cancer is the 2nd leading cause of death behind heart disease

Answer 13

true

Question 14

What is the colon?

Answer 14

It is the main part of the large instesitnes responsible from removing water and electrolytes from food and storing waste until it passes out the body.

Question 15

What percent of cancers are genetically inherited?

Answer 15

5%

Question 16

What is cancer in the rectum?

Answer 16

rectal cancer

Question 17

What is cancer in the colon

Answer 17

colon cancer

Question 18

What is the cancer in both the colon and rectal regions?

Answer 18

Colorectal cancer

Question 19

Doctors used to observe cells from what compared to know testing gene activity

Answer 19

fecal samples

Question 20

What is gel electrophoresis?

Answer 20

It is a method of separating DNA, RNA, and proteins by size and charge.

Question 21

What molecules move faster in the gel?

Answer 21

More negative molecules move faster

Question 22

What molecules move easier in the gel?

Answer 22

Smaller molecules move and quickly than larger ones

Question 23

Banding seen on gels is a result of what?

Answer 23

restriction enzymes

Question 24

What are bacteriophages?

Answer 24

They are viruses specialized for infecting bacteria by injecting their DNA into the bacteria’s cytoplasm.

Question 25

Why does bacteria produce restriction enzymes?

Answer 25

To recognize and cleave viral DNA

Question 26

What do restriction enzymes normally recognize?

Answer 26

palindromes which accounts for differences in weight if sample load to gels.

Question 27

The electric current of the gel will run what way?

Answer 27

From negative to positive

Question 28

Can you put your hand in the buffer when the gel is running?

Answer 28

NO

Question 29

True or false. The gel can be placed or cast in the apparatus

Question 30

What do we use for serial dilutions?

Answer 30

C1V1=C2V2
C = concentration
V = volume