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Christopher- History > Canada during the Great Depression and WWII > Flashcards

Canada during the Great Depression and WWII Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Mass Culture?

A

Ideas and values that develop from a common exposure to the same media, music, sports

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2
Q

Mtl Canadiens- 1920s

In what manner did they become significant ?

A
  • French-Canadian players on their team= gave the fans a sense of identity
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3
Q

When were the Mtl Canadiens founded?

A

1909

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4
Q

What happened after the Habs 1924 Stanley Cup win

A

They really became the team of the French

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5
Q

Which city was the first in the world to open a radio station and when?

A

Montreal, 1919

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6
Q

What is CKAC?

A

1922- 1st Francophone radio station in the world

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7
Q

What is Prohibition

A

Ban of alcohol manufacturing and sale

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8
Q

Where was the only place in North America not to ban alcohol sale?

A

Quebec

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9
Q

What did the “Commission des liqueurs de Quebec” do? (2 things)

A
  • oversee and monitor the quality of the wines and liquors sold
  • issue permits to hotels and restaurants that wished to sell alcohol
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10
Q

How did Prohibition affect Mtl nightlife?

A

Prohibition in the USA prompted jazz musicians to come and perform in Montreal’s nightclubs.

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11
Q

Nickname for Little Burgundy

A

“Harlem of the North”

after New York City’s famous jazz club neighborhood

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12
Q

Who was Rufus Rockhead?

A
  • He was a jazz club owner who drew some of the biggest jazz names to Montreal between 1930 and 1950.
  • He opened Rockhead’s Paradise, a jazz club which helped establish Montreal’s reputation as “Harlem of the North”.
  • Even though African Canadians were unable to get liquor licenses, Rockhead used what sway he had among friends to help him get the license
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13
Q

What/When was the Great Depression?

A

1929-1939

- economic crisis

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14
Q

What was the worldwide unemployment rate during the Great Depression?

A

35%

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15
Q

What event triggered the Great Depression?

A

New York Stock Exchange crash on October 24, 1929.

Black Thursday

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16
Q

Consequences of the Great Depression on Canada ? (4)

A
  • companies went bankrupt (workers lost their jobs)
  • demand for goods dropped
  • unemployment rate= 40%
  • Canadian exports dropped by half from 1929-1933
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17
Q

How did the Great Depression impact Canadians daily lives?

A
  • Factory workers faced unemployment and reduced wages
  • Numerous families were evicted from their homes
  • Marriages were delayed and fewer children were born
  • The poor ate at soup kitchens and slept in shelters
  • People hopped on trains and roamed the country looking for work
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18
Q

What impact did the Great Depression have on the Prairies? (think of Alberta and Manitoba)

A
  • The problems on the Prairies were made worse by years of droughts which caused crop failures. Over 66% of Saskatchewan’s rural population was forced into Direct Relief programs. - Alberta and Manitoba went bankrupt
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19
Q

What was the Dust Bowl? What was another name for it?

A
  • Dirty Thirties,

- a period of severe dust storms that damaged the Canadian prairies during the 1930s; severe drought caused this problem

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20
Q

Who was Bennett? What did he do?

A
  • Prime Minister of Canada (during Great Depression)
  • New Deal: plan to end the Great Depression
    1934: creates the Bank of Canada to regulate economy
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21
Q

What solutions did the government come up with to combat the

Depression?

A
  • Public Works projects where manual labour was used to build roads, dig drainage ditches and build parks
  • Work Camps took in single unemployed men
  • Direct Aid was given to the poorest in the form of coupons which could be exchanged for food and clothing
  • Back to Land policies (Quebec government sent families to colonize Abitibi, Gaspesie and Cote-Nord)
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22
Q

What 2 ideologies was neo-liberalism founded on?

A
  • Socialism

- Capitalism

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23
Q

What new political parties (3) emerged in Canada after the Great Depression?

A
  • CCF,
  • New Democratic Party
  • Union Nationale
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24
Q

When were health and unemployment insurance were created in Canada?

A

after the Great Depression

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25
Q

What are Socialism and Communism?

A

Ideas promoted by unions and intellectuals during the 1930s. They believed wealth should be shared by all.
They were against capitalism

26
Q

What was L’Union Nationale?

A

It was a Quebec political party that was created during the Great Depression
It pushed for conservative and traditional values

27
Q

In what year did l’Union Nationale win its first election?

A

1936

28
Q

Who was Maurice Duplessis?

A
  • He was the leader of L’Union Nationale and Premier of Quebec from 1936 to 1939 and then from 1944 to 1959
  • Conservative, and for traditional values, Duplessis defended the French-Canadian identity within Canada. He also established close ties with the Catholic Church
29
Q

What was the Padlock Law

A

It was meant to protect Quebec against the influence of Communism

30
Q

What is Clerico-Nationalism?

A

French-Canadians who believed that a rural way of would safeguard their culture

31
Q

What were the main themes of Clerico-Nationalism? (4)

A
  • The family
  • Catholicism
  • a rural way of life
  • the French language
32
Q

Who was the leading spokesperson of the Clerico-nationalists

A

Lionel Groulx

33
Q

What is “Le roman du terroir”?

A
  • They were French Canadian novels that featured conservative and traditional nationalism
  • They emphasized the importance of maintaining Catholicism and the French language
  • They presented a somber view of the urban world while celebrating rural life
34
Q

What was the Statute of Westminster of 1931?

A

It finally gave Canada control of its foreign affairs and right to sign trade agreements with foreign nations

35
Q

What was the War Measures Act?

A

It was a law passed during World War 2 that gave the Canadian government strong powers, such as: Control of all income and corporate taxes and the right to issue family allowances

36
Q

Which Prime Minister promised no Conscription?

A

William Lyon Mackenzie King

37
Q

What was the women’s role during WW2?

A

Replaced men in the factories

38
Q

How did the Federal government interfere in Provincial jurisdictions during World War 2?

A
  • income tax law
  • unemployment insurance
  • family allowance program
39
Q

What was the Dieppe Raid?

A

It was an Allied attack on the German-held French port of Dieppe in 1942. The attack, involving mostly Canadian troops, resulted in catastrophic failure as 60% of the troops were either killed or captured. The failed raid proved to the Allies that a large invasion force would be needed to liberate France from the Nazis

40
Q

What resulted from World War 2 for Quebec?

A
  • European immigration, mostly from Italy, Greece, Poland and Hungary
  • Agricultural changes as rural areas in Quebec became mechanized and electricity finally reached all rural areas
  • The Baby Boom: birth of 2 million babies between 1945 and 1960
41
Q

True or False: Rufus Rockhead created the Bank of Canada to regulate the economy?

A

False- it was Prime Minister Bennett

42
Q

True or False: Lionel Groulx’s ideologies were similar to Maurice Duplessis?

A

True- French Canadian nationalism

43
Q

True or False: Henri Bourassa’s ideologies were similar to Duplessis and Groulx?

A

False- Henri Bourassa believed French Canadians and English Canadians formed one nation, whereas Duplessis and Groulx believed more in French Canadian nationalism

44
Q

True or False: Maurice Duplessis promised not to have Conscription?

A

False- it was William Lyon Mackenzie King

45
Q

True or False: The Quebec conference was held in 1943 between Roosevelt, Churchill and Rockhead?

A

False: it was Mackenzie King, not Rockhead

46
Q

True or False: the Baby Boom happened between 1919-1924?

A

False- it was between 1945-1960 (after WWII)

47
Q

True or False: The Padlock Law was meant to protect Quebec against the influence of communism?

A

True

48
Q

True or False: Family, Protestant religion, city life and the French language were the main themes of Clerico-Nationalism?

A

False: family, Catholicism, rural way of life and the French language were the main themes of Clerico-Nationalism

49
Q

True or False: During the Great Depression, marriages were encouraged?

A

False- Marriages were delayed and fewer children were born

50
Q

True or False: Black Thursday was the area in Montreal known for its jazz clubs?

A

False- “Harlem of North” was the area in Mtl (Little Burgundy) that became well known for its jazz culture.
Black Thursday was the night of the New York Stock Exchange Crash ( Oct. 24, 1929)

51
Q

When did the New York Stock Exchange crash?

A

October 24, 1929

52
Q

Name 2 political parties that were created due to the Great Depression in Canada

A
  • New Democratic Party

- Union Nationale

53
Q

Who created the Bank of Canada and when?

A

Prime Minister Bennett in 1934

54
Q

What are Work Camps?

A

Solution from the government to combat the Depression- took in single unemployed men

55
Q

What is Direct Aid?

A

Solution from the government to combat the Depression- was given to the poorest in the form of coupons which could be exchanged for food and clothing

56
Q

What are Public Works projects?

A

Solution from the government to combat the Depression- manual labour was used to build roads, dig drainage ditches and build parks

57
Q

What is Back to Land policies?

A

Solution from the government to combat the Depression- the Quebec government sent families to colonize Abitibi, Gaspesie and Cote-Nord

58
Q

What 2 ideologies turned Canada into a neo-liberalist country?

A
  • Socialism

- Capitalism

59
Q

4 ideas of Clerico-Nationalism

A
  • Family
  • Catholicism
  • French language
  • Rural way of life
60
Q

True or False: The Dieppe Raid was an attack in WWI?

A

False- WWII: Allied attack on the German-held French port of Dieppe in 1942

61
Q

When was the Baby Boom?

A

1945-1960

Christopher- History (5 decks)

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