Can 10 Power And Influence Flashcards
Name 5 sources of power
Legitimate Reward Coercive Expert Referent
Name 4 contingencies of power
Substitutability
Centrality
Discretion
Visibility
Asymmetric unequal power
Power that involves one party depending on another
What is countervailing power
The capacity of a person, team, org to keep a more powerful person or group in the exchange relationship
What is legitimate power
An agreement among org members that people in certain roles can request certain behaviours from others
Restriction can only ask
What is the zone of indifference
Is th set if behaviours that individuals are willing to engage another persons request
What is reward power
Is derived from the person’s ability to control allocation if rewards or remove negative sanctions
What is coercive power
Ability to apply punishment
Inc employee coercive power against other employees
What is expert behaviour
Occurs when an individual / work units capacity to influence others by possessing knowledge or skills valued by others.
Orgs value those who can support an org trough troubled waters Can help in three ways Prevention Forecasting Absorption
What three ways can an expert help an org
Prevention
Forecasting
Absorption - absorb or neutralise impact or fix
What is referent power
When others identify with them, like them, respect them
Largely function of their interpersonal skills
Charisma
Which there powers derive from the position
Legitimate reward and coercive
Which 2 powers derive from the power holder
Expert and referent power
What are contingencies of power
Being an expert or coercive Will not mean you are influential
Sources of power only generate under certain sanctions
Substitutability
Centrality
Visibility
Discretion
Contingency of power : substitutability
A contingency of power pertaining to the availability of alternatives.
Power decrease as the number if alternatives increase
Includes sources that offer the resources or substitutes
Non substitutability increases power ie controlling resources such as knowledge, task, labour
Contingency of power: centrality
A contingency of power pertaining to the degree and nature of interdependence between the power holder and others
Centrality increase with the number of people that depend on you
Centrality leverages power ie tube strikes
Contingency of power: Visibility
Need to concisely build relationships
Be visible and present in the mind of managers
Employees gain power when their skills remain at forefront of managers/ co-workers mind
Contingency of power: discretion
Freedom to exercise judgement
Make decisions without referring to rules or manager
What are the 7 ways influence others
Silent authority Assertiveness Information control Coalition Upward appeal Persuasion Impression management
Name 7 ways to influence others
Silent authority Assertiveness Information control Coalition Upward appeal Persuasion Impression management
What is silent authority
Influencing behaviour Brough legitimate power and not mention
Influencing others: assertiveness
Actively applying legitimate and coercive power by applying pressure and threats
Influencing ithers: information control
Explicitly manipulating someone else’s access to information for purpose of changing attitudes or behaviour
Influencing others: coalition
Forming a group that attempts to influence others by pooling resources
Influencing others: upward appeal
Relying on people with higher authority/ expertise to support our position
Influencing others: Impression management
Actively shaping through self presentation the perceptions and attitudes that others have of us
What does empowerment increase
Motivation
Job satisfaction
Organisational commitment
Job performance
Influencing tactics: Name hard factors
Silent authority Assertiveness Information control Coalition formation Upward appeal
Influencing tactics: soft tactics
Persuasion
Impression management
Exchange
Persuasion, impression management, expanse are sift because they rely on personal sources of power- name the two sources
Referent
Expert
Seize the authority, assertiveness, information control, coalition formation, upward appeal. They are hard tactics because they force behaviour change through position power. Name the three sources of power
Legitimate
Reward
Coercion
Which tactics is best depends on how people react when others try to influence them:
Resistance
Compliance
Commitment
Compliance occurs when people are motivated to implement the influencers request. Effort not more than required.
Commitment: is the stringers outcome if influence whereby people identify with the influencers request and are highly motivate
What are organisational politics
Behaviours that others view as self serving the expense of other people and possibly the organisation
Name ways you can minimise organisational politics
- Good resourcing
- OP can be supressed when resource allocation decisions are clear and simple
- Minimise ambiguous rules, complex rules, lack of formal rules.
- Recognise org change tends to bring out more
- Know it’s more common in organisations and work units where it is tolerated and reinforced.
Employees who experience organisational politics have-
LOWER
Job satisfaction
Organisational commitment
Organisational citizenship
Task performance
Name three areas a politically charged environment can effect negatively:
Hinder productivity
Erode trust
Lead to lower morale and lower retention
