CAMHS Flashcards
What does CAMHS stand for?
Child and adolescent mental health services
What protective factors are there for mental health in children?
- Temperament
- Coping strategies
- Problem-solving
- Self-esteem
- Stability
- Secure relationships
- Friendships
- Achievements
What are the symptoms of GAD in children?
- Anxiety
- Fears of death (of child or parents)
- Somatic manifestations, nausea, headaches, palpitations
- Panic attacks
What is separation anxiety?
Anxiety manifests upon separation from attachment figures
- Nightmares with separation themes
- School refusal
How are anxiety disorders treated?
- Behaviour therapy (systemic desensitisation, flooding, response prevention)
- Psychotherapies (brief psychodynamic, family and cognitive therapy)
- Fluoxetine
How does prevalence of mood disorders in children change?
More common in increasing age
How can mood disorders appear in boys?
Masked by anger
What is oppositional disorder?
Uncooperative, unwilling to comply with requests, frequent temper tantrums
May also be aggressive
Tends to escalate if not managed
What are the different types of conduct disorder?
Socialised
Less serious and tends to be phasic in nature
Unsocialised
Serious, potentially leads to criminality and later a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder
Lying, stealing, taunting, violence to people and animals
What are the risk factors for behavioural problems?
- Lack of clear boundaries
- Rejection
- Family conflict and violence
- Child abuse
- Child temperament
- Comorbid learning or developmental difficulties
How are behavioural problems treated?
- Consistent care and parenting
- Behavioural therapy
- School-based interventions
- Community interventions
How is ADHD diagnosed?
History and observation in different settings
QB test
How often do ADHD symptoms persist into adulthood?
2/3 of cases
What are the key features of ADHD?
Poor attention and concentration
Physical overactivity
Impulsivity
Needs to occur in more than one environment
Diagnosis after 6 years, symptoms present before
Why has the prevalence of autism increased?
Increasingly diagnosed
How is autism diagnosed?
Clinical observation and structured appraisals
What co-morbid conditions is autism associated with?
Anxiety
ADHD
Sleep problems
OCD
Learning difficulties
What are the key features of autism?
- Communication difficulties
- Sensory processing problem difficulties
- Effects on thinking, lack of flexibility
- Needs to occur in more one than environment
- Symptoms present before 3 years old
What are the significant issues of eating disorders in children?
Delayed puberty and growth
Prognosis worse if younger or male
What are the different types of attachment?
Secure
Child values relationships and is confident within themselves
Insecure avoidant
Does not value relationship and is independent
Insecure anxious
Values relationships but views them as unpredictable, develops strategies to secure attention, confidence is dependent on praise from others
Insecure ambivalent
Values relationships, unsure how secure they are
Disorganised
Does not value relationships, not confident in themselves
What factors influence resilience?
RESILIENT
Relationship between child and carer
Empathy
Social skills
IQ
Laughing (humour)
I-achiemevents at school
Extra- curricular actiities
Nuturing upbringing
Temperament
