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Vet Nursing 3: Large Animal > Camelids > Flashcards

Camelids Flashcards

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1
Q

Are Dromedary and Bacterian Old World or New World Camelids?

A

Old world

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2
Q

Old World Camelid, with one hump, from the Arabian desert

A

Dromedary

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3
Q

Old World, two-humped camel from the Mongolian deserts

A

Bacterian

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4
Q

What are the three New World Lamas?

A

Llama, Alpaca, Guanaco

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5
Q

New World camelid that is its own species

A

Vicunas (tiny antelope type)

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6
Q

What is the term for a group of females housed together?

A

Harem

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7
Q

Are alpacas or llamas softer?

A

Alpacas are softer

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8
Q

What is the rarest camelid?

A

Suri

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9
Q

What is the “classical llama”?

A

Ccara Llama

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10
Q

The most common alapaca, hardy with crimped fiber

A

Huacaya

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11
Q

Minority alpaca with straight fiber

A

Suri

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12
Q

What alpacas provide the finest fleeces?

A

Yearling alpacas

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13
Q

What type of estrous cycle do camelids have?

A

Polyestrous

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14
Q

What is the age of puberty for a female llama vs alpaca?

A

Llama 6-12 months

Alpaca 1 year

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15
Q

What is the age of puberty for a male llama vs alpaca?

A

Both 2-3 years old

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16
Q

What is the age for first breeding?

A

2.5-3.5 years

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17
Q

What is the frequency of the estrous cycle?

A

8-12 days

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18
Q

What is the duration of estrus?

A

4-5 days

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19
Q

Twinning is more common in llamas or alpacas?

A

Llama

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20
Q

What is weaning age?

A

5-6 months

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21
Q

What is the most common method of reproduction?

A

Live Cover

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22
Q

What horn do you transcervically artificially inseminate?

A

Left uterine horn

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23
Q

What stage of parturition lasts 1-6 hours and may involve humming, frequent visits to dung pile, lying down

A

Stage 1

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24
Q

Stage of parturition that lasts 20-30 minutes, but no longer than an hour, birth standing and do NOT lick cria.

A

Stage 2

25
Q

Stage of parturition that lasts 1-6 hours, mothers do not eat placenta

A

Stage 3

26
Q

Dystocia in camelids is rare, but may occur due to what 3 conditions?

A

Malpositioning

Poor Cervical Dilation

Uterine Torsion

27
Q

Grain should not be fed before ___ ____ of age

A

3 months

28
Q

Too much attention and bottle feeding crias may result in what syndrom?

A

Berserk Male Syndrome (BMS or Aberrant Behaviour Syndrome)

29
Q

What is the percentage of body weight crias should gain in the first 24 hours?

A

10-20%

30
Q

What teeth are the fighting teeth?

A

Permanent upper incisors, upper and lower canines

31
Q

What teeth may females or castrated males not have?

A

Permanent canines

32
Q

What teeth rarely erupt in females and only 5% of males?

A

Deciduous canines

33
Q

True or false, routine floating is recommended

A

False

34
Q

What type of ruminants are camelids?

A

Modified ruminants, 3 compartment stomach

35
Q

True or false, camelids can be fed oats

A

False

The barbs on oats can cause ulcers

36
Q

True or False, camelids have a low protein requirement

A

True

37
Q

What mineral are camelids sensitive to and could have toxicity complications from?

A

Copper

38
Q

What mineral deficiency may present as dermatitis?

A

Zinc deficiency

39
Q

What ar the two techniques used for blood draws?

A

High jug and low jug

40
Q

What technique decreases chances of arterial blood collection?

A

High jugular

41
Q

What is the technique for a high jug blood collection?

A

Head perpendicular to the cervical vertebrae and palpate the sternomandibularis tendon, insert the needle just dorsal and caudal

42
Q

What is the technique for a low jug blood collection?

A

Elevate head and insert needle just medial to enlarged transverse process of the sixth cervical vertebrae. Be careful to avoid the carotid artery

43
Q

Where is arterial blood sampling performed?

A

low jug

44
Q

Where do you clip for a liver biopsy?

A

Ninth intercostal space about 9-10 inches from the top of the back to the right side

45
Q

Where is the tube placed for administering oral medications?

A

Interdental space and advanced into the caudal aspect of the mouth. Avoid medicating into cheek pouch due to ulcers

46
Q

What muscles should be avoided in camelids for IM injections?

A

Neck muscles

47
Q

Medication should be administered towards _____

A

The heart

48
Q

Where are SQ injections given?

A

Cranial to shoulder and caudal to elbow

49
Q

What is the fasting protocol for animals over 4 months of age?

A

No food for 12-18 hours, unlimited access to water

50
Q

What is the fasting protocol for animals younger than 4 months of age?

A

Not recommended, supplement with dextrose

51
Q

What is the most common complication of general anesthesia?

A

Nasal edema

52
Q

When are males castrated?

A

2 years +

53
Q

What are the complications associated with castrating before the age of 2?

A

Straight hindlegs, lateral patellar luxation, degenerative osteoarthritis in the stifles

54
Q

Why is heat stress more often seen in llamas?

A

double coat

55
Q

GI parasitism, malnutrition, negative energy balance and stress are all pre-disposing factors of what?

A

Hepatic lipidosis

56
Q

Normally secondary and associated with high mortality, obese and emaciated animals

A

Hepatic lipidosis

57
Q

Parelaphostrongylus tenuis is what?

A

Meningeal worm

58
Q

What is the treatment for stomach ulcers?

A

Reducing acid production and increasing pH, pantoprazole SQ or IV used as treatment or prophylaxis

Vet Nursing 3: Large Animal (7 decks)

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