Call for Fire (CFF) Flashcards
What is the first element of a Call for Fire
Identification
What is the second element of a Call for Fire
Warning Order
What is third element of a Call for Fire
Target Location
What is the fourth element of a Call for Fire
Target Description
What is the fifth element of a Call for Fire
Method of Engagement
What is the sixth element of a Call for Fire
Method of Fire and Control
How many transmissions are sent in a call for fire
3
What does FDC stand for
Fire Direction Center
How many optional calls are there in a call for fire? Which are they?
2, #5 Method of Engagement and #6 Method of Fire and Control
What steps are covered in the first transmission in a Call for Fire
Identification and Warning Order
What steps are covered in the second transmission in a Call for Fire
Target Location
What steps are covered in the third transmission in a Call for Fire
Target Description (if needed #5 Method of Engagement and #6 Method of Fire and Control are sent as well)
What does the identification line look like
FDC de OP1 (de means “this is”)
What are the two parts of a Warning Order
Type of Mission and Method of Target Location
What are the types of missions in a Warning Order
Adjust Fire (AF), Fire for Effect (FFE), Immediate Suppression / Smoke (SMK), Suppression
How many types of missions are there in a Call for Fire Warning Order
5
How many types of Target Location Methods are there in a Call for Fire
3
What are the types of Method of Target Location
Grid, Polar, Shift From Known Point
Grid is the default and assumed Method of Target Location
True
How many rounds are fired in an Adjust Fire Mission?
One
Define an Adjust Fire Mission
Provides ONE round from the firing unit to adjust until effects are within 50 meters. After round is adjusted to within 50 meters, observer will announce “Fire for Effect.” You will use AF when you do not have an accurate Target Location.
How close do your shots have to be before you switch away from AF
50 meters
When do you use Adjust Fire
When you don’t have an accurate target location
Define a Fire for Effect Mission (FFE)
No adjusting of the rounds is required. All guns (example: Battery=8 guns) will fire on the target after the call for fire is sent. You will use FFE when you have an accurate Target Location.
When do you use FFE
When you have an accurate target location
Define and Immediate Suppression/Smoke Mission
Immediate Suppression or Immediate Smoke is unique in that it is sent in one transmission. This is to facilitate suppression of an enemy target. For example: Your unit is receiving enemy fire and you need to suppress that enemy to move to a better position. How many rounds you receive for that mission are based off Unit SOP.
How many transmissions are sent for an Immediate Suppression/Smoke Mission
1
Give examples of a call for Immediate Suppression or Smoke
FDC de OP1 Immediate Suppression, Grid 123456, k
FDC de OP1 Immediate Smoke, Grid 123456, Length 300m, k
Define a Suppression Mission in a Call for Fire
The same type of mission as immediate suppression, except it is normally fired on a preplanned target and a duration will usually be associated with it
Give a sample call for Suppression
FDC de OP1 Suppress AB 3000, k
Give an example of a first radio transmission for a grid and polar CFF
FDC de OP1, AF, k
FDC de OP1, AF POLAR, k
How many digits must you send with a grid location? What is the max you can send?
6 to 10
What are essential parts of a Polar CFF
Direction, Distance to TGT from your location, plus U/D altitude
What are the essential parts of a Shift from Known Point CFF
Direction, R/L, Add/Drop(+/-), (U/D) altitude
Give an example of a second radio transmission for a Grid CFF
Grid ML234356, k
Give an example of a second radio transmission for a Polar CFF
Direction 5430, Distance 3200, Up 50, k
How many key elements are in a Target Description element of a CFF
4
List the elements of TGT Description in a CFF
SNAP - Size, Nomenclature/Nature, Activity, Protection: Squad of Dismounts, Stationary, I/O (In the Open)
Why is the TGT Description important
It allows the FDC to pick the correct ammunition
Give an example of a TGT Transmission
Squad of Dismounts, Stationary, I/O, k
Give a sample CFF in three transmissions without Method of Engagement or Method of Fire and Control
FDC de OP1, AF POLAR, k
DIR 4510, DIS 2400, k
1 T72 stationary in the open (I/O), k
How do you correct a mistake in a CFF
Say “Correction , k” and wait for response of “Correction , Out
What are the elements of a Method of Engagement in a CFF
DAT - Danger Close, Ammunition, Trajectory
What is Danger Close in a CFF
When the TGT is 600 m or closer to the FO (Field Observer)
What are some ammunition types in a CFF
HE, DPICM, WP, Smoke, Illumination
What are the options for Trajectory in a CFF
High Angle and Low Angle (45 degrees and less for tubes)
What is the default trajectory for Artillery
Low
Who normally selects the ammunition in a CFF
FDC based on you SNAP TGT Description
If the FO wants to pick the ammunition in a CFF, what should they do
They call for “In Effect” and name the ammunition that they want in the FFE round
What advantage does a low trajectory have
Less susceptible to enemy radar
What advantage does high trajectory have
Terrain such as hills can be shot over, Mobile Operations in Urban Terrain (MOUT)
What is the standard trajectory for Mortars
High
How many Methods of Fire and Control are there
3
What are the methods of Fire and Control
WAT - When Ready (default/less control/faster response), At My Command (AMC able to mass fires and better effects such as shooting Mortars and Artillery at the same time), Time on Target (TOT will hit + or - 3 seconds but sync up with FDC first)
What are the five rules of direction
OMG-10-4 Observer to Target, Mils, Grid, Nearest 10 mils, 4 digits
What does observer to target mean
You view direction in relation to the FO looking at the target
What does Grid mean in the five rules of direction
It’s the Grid Direction using a map and protractor
How do you convert a Magnetic Azimuth to a Grid Azimuth
Add or Subtract the G-M Angle
What does 10 Mils mean in the rules of direction
Send your direction to the nearest 10 mils however 1 mil is okay if you have equipment capable of that
What does 4 digits mean in the 5 rules of direction
Always send a four digit direction so it’s not confused with degrees in any way
What must the FDC know before using a Polar Mission
Your location
What is the threshold for sending a vertical adjustment in a Polar CFF
35M
For an AF Grid mission what is the fourth transmission
Your direction to the TGT can be sent before the first correction
How many parts are in a Message to Observer (MTO)
4
What are the parts of a MTO
Call sign of Unit to Fire, Changes to Call for Fire, Number of Rounds per Tube in FFE, Target Number: Bulls, DPICM in effect, 2rds, TGT Number AB2001
When is the term “Shot” used
FDC sends this to the FO after each adjustment in the FFE phase and after the initial round of the FFE
What does the FO say in response to a “Shot” command
Shot, Out
When is the term “Splash” used
FDC sends this to FO when his round is 5 seconds from detonation so they can get ready to observe
What is the response to a “Splash” transmission
Splash, Out
What are the distances you correct within during the AF phase
L/R corrections less than 30m are not sent. Half of bracket distance.
What is the OT Factor
Observer to Target Factor is used to determine the L/R deviation correction
How do you calculate the OT Factors
Take the distance from the observer to the target, divide by 1000 and round to the nearest whole number. If it ends in a .5 round to the nearest EVEN whole number. If the distance is less than 1000 express OT factor as a decimal. (IE. 700m = .7)
What is the Spotting
The number of mils between the round and the target that is measured with the binocular reticle pattern or the Hand method
What is the order of Number and Direction when giving a spotting
Number then Letter
What is the order of Number and Direction when giving the deviation correction
Letter then Number
How many mils does five fingers spread equate to
300 mils
How many mils does five fingers close equate to
180 mils
How many mils does four fingers equate to
125 mils
How many mils do the three middle fingers equate to
100 mils
How many mils do the pointer and middle finger equate to
70 mils
How many mils does the pointer finger equate to
30 mils
What is the first range estimate based on
FO’s best judgement
How does the Bracketing Principle work
You’re goal is to establish a bracket with one shot over and one short then continue to split the bracket in half
Give an example of a correction
Correction L 30 Up 100
What are the four parts to End of Mission
RRES - Refine, Record, End of Mission, Surveillance
Give an example of EOM Transmission
Deviation +/- less than 30, range less than +/- 50l Record as Known Point 1, End of Mission TGT #AA2001, Tank Destroyed
