Calcium balance Flashcards

1
Q

Rachitis (rickets)

A

Malformation (weakness) of bones caused by the lack of vitamin-D that leads to a decreased absorption of calcium from the gut during development.

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2
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Weakening of the bones due to a loss of minerals (Calcium) and organic components.

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3
Q

Osteoblast

A

Bone forming progenitor cell.

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4
Q

Osteoclast

A

Phagocyte digesting bone tissue allowing remodelling of bone.

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5
Q

Osteoid tissue

A

Organic part of the bone matrix made up by fibers and other components, its mineralization finishes bone formation.

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6
Q

Remodelling

A

The continuous degradation and rebuilding of the bone tissue.

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7
Q

Calcification

A

(Mineralization) osteoid tissue becomes bone tissue by the “drizzle” of calcium salts.

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8
Q

Mineralization

A

(calcification) Osteoid tissue becomes bone tissue by the precipitation of calcium salts.

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9
Q

Ergocalciferol

A

Vitamin D2, precursor of calcitriol, a dietary supplement found in certain fish oils and fungi.

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10
Q

Cholecalciferol

A

Vitamin D3 (hormone), precursor of calcitriol, synthesised in the skin upon UV radiation.

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11
Q

Calcitriol

A

Hormone prepared from D2 and D3; increases calcium absorption in the gut and calcium mobilization in the bone, thus increases calcium level in the blood.

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12
Q

Pararthormon

A

Hormone of the pararhyroid glands; increases calcium reabsorption in the kidneys and calcium mobilization in the bone, thus increases calcium level in the blood.

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13
Q

Calcitonin

A

Hormone produced by C cells in the thyroid gland: Inhibits osteoclast activity, thus decreases calcium level in the blood.

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