Calcium balance Flashcards
Rachitis
malformation (weakness) of bones caused by the lack of vitamin-D that leads to decreased absorption of calcium from the gut during development
osteoporosis
weakening of the bones due to a loss of minerals (calcium) and organic components
osteblast
bone forming progenitor cell- will be transformed into osteocytes
osteoclast
phagocyte digesting bone tissue allowing remodelling of the bone
osteocyte
bone cell - osteoblast are transformed into osteocytes; they are located in small cavities within the bone tissue and keep contact with each other through cytoplasmic processes
osteoid tissue
organic part of the bone matrix made up by fibers and other components, its mineralization finishes bone formation
remodeling
the continuous degradation and rebuilding of the bone tissues
calcification
(mineralization) osteoid tissue becomes bone tissue by the precipitation of calcium salts
mineralization
(calcification) osteoid tissue becomes bone tissue by the precipitation of calcium salts
ergocalciferol
vitamin D2, precursor of calcitriol, a dietary supplement found in certain fish oils and fungi
cholecalciferol
vitamin D3 (hormone), precursor, of calcitriol, synthesizied in the skin upon UV irradiation
calcitriol
hormone prepared from D2 and D3; increases calcium absorption in the gut and calcium mobilization in the bone, thus increases calcium level in the blood
parathormone
hormone of the parathyroid glands; increases calcium reabsorption in the kidneys and calcium mobilization in the bone, thus increasing calcium level in the blood
calcitonin
hormone produced by C cells in the thyroid gland; inhibits osteoclast activity, thus decreases calcium level in the blood
