calcium and phosphate metabolism

Question 1

how much calcium is bound to plasma proteins

Answer 1

40%

Question 2

how much calcium is unbound/unfilterable

Answer 2

60%

Question 3

what is the only form of calcium that is biologically active

Answer 3

ionized calcium

Question 4

activated vitamin D ___ calcium

Answer 4

increases

Question 5

what are symptoms of hypocalcemia

Answer 5

hyper-reflexia, spontaneous twitching, muscle cramps, tingling, numbness

Question 6

what is the chvostek sign

Answer 6

twitching of the facial muscles elicited by tapping on CN VII

Question 7

what is the trousseau sign

Answer 7

hand inverting after inflation of a sphygmomanometer

Question 8

symptoms of hypercalcemia

Answer 8

hyporeflexia, lethargy, coma, death, constipation, polyuria, polydipsia

Question 9

chronic changes in calcium develop ___

Answer 9

slowly

Question 10

what is the function of regulatory mechanisms

Answer 10

correct and keep ionized levels of calcium normal

Question 11

is acidemia more or less bound to albumin

Answer 11

less

Question 12

what is the cause of alkalemia

Answer 12

hypocalcemia

Question 13

calcium homeostasis involves the coordinated interaction of what organ systems

Answer 13

bone, kidney, intestine

Question 14

calcium homeostasis involves the coordinated interaction of what hormones

Answer 14

parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, vitamin D

Question 15

in order to build bone, you need

Answer 15

calcium and phosphate

Question 16

PTH ___ calcium and ___ phosphate

Answer 16

increases; decreases

Question 17

vitamin D ___ calcium and ___ phosphate

Answer 17

decreases; decreases