Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pro Chem > C9.2 > Flashcards

C9.2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why do longer chain hydrocarbons have a higher boiling point?

A

Because they have greater intermolecular forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What physical property allows distillation to seperate different molecules?

A

Boiling point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is viscosity?

A

Viscosity tells us the thickness of a fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the shortest alkene?

A

Ethene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the name given to groups of hydrocarbons?

A

Fractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the formula of alkanes?

A

CnH2n+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is fractional distillation?

A

Fractional distillation is the process of separating crude oil into groups of hydrocarbons with similar numbers of carbon atoms. We call these groups of hydrocarbons “fractions”.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is crude oil?

A

Crude oil is a finite resource that is found in the Earth’s crust. It is the remains of organisms that lived and died millions of years ago - mainly plankton which was buried in mud. Crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons. The carbon atoms in these molecules are joined together in chains and rings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is cracking?

A

Cracking is a reaction in which larger
saturated hydrocarbon molecules are broken down into smaller, more useful hydrocarbon molecules, some of which are unsaturated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a functional group?

A

Functional group is a group of atoms that determine the chemical properties of a compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does incomplete combustion produce?

A

Incomplete combustion is when there is a lack of oxygen ; this causes a toxic gas called carbon monoxide to be produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do alkanes do in bromine water?

A

They have no effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What catalyst is needed for alkenes to react with hydrogen?

A

Nickel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 2 changes of state that happen in fractional distillation?

A
  • Evaporation
  • Condensation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are hydrocarbons?

A

Hydrocarbons are moleucules made up only of hydrogen and carbon atoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are alkenes?

A

Alkenes are a homologous series of hydrocarbons that contain a carbon-carbon double bond. This means that they are unsaturated.

17
Q

What are alkanes?

A

Alkanes are a family of hydrocarbons that are described as saturated hydrocarbons. This means that their carbon atoms are joined to each other by single bonds. This makes them relatively unreactive, apart from their reaction with oxygen in the air - which we call burning or combustion.

18
Q

Uses of alkenes

A
  • plastic
  • detergents
19
Q

Thermal/Steam cracking vs Catalytic cracking

A
  • Thermal cracking uses a high temperature of over 800°C and no catalyst
  • Catalytic cracking uses a temperature of 550°C and a catalyst
20
Q

Structures of methane, ethane, propane and butane

A

methane. CH4
ethane. C2H6
propane. C3H8
butane. C4H10

21
Q

draw an alkane

A
22
Q

Name an example of a homologous series

A

Alkane

23
Q

Fractional distialltion process (6 marks)

A

1) Crude oil is heated and fed into the bottom of a tail fractioning column as hot vapor
2) Hydrocarbon gases rise up the column
3) Gases condense when they reach their certain temperature of their boiling points
4) Different fractions are collected as liquids at certain levels
5) Small chain hydrocarbons are removed at the top of the fractioning column where it is cooler
6) Long chain hydrocarbons are removed at the top of the fractioning column where it is hotter

24
Q

Formula for the combustion of hydrocarbons

A

hydrocarbon + oxygen —> water + CO2

25
Q

Formula for propanoic acid

A

HCOOH

26
Q

Formula for alkenes

A

CnH2n

27
Q

Define volatility

A

Volatility is how easily a compound evaporates, in other words, becomes a vapour.

28
Q

Compare structure, bonding and reactivity of ethene and ethane

A
  • ethene is more reactive
  • ethene contains C-C double bond
  • both small molecules
  • both have covalent bonds
  • ethane contains 6 hydrogen atoms per molecule
  • ethene polymerizes to form polythene
29
Q
A

Pro Chem (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions