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Pro Chem > C11 > Flashcards

C11 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the products of condensation polymerisation?

A

A condensation polymer + water

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2
Q

How are polyesters formed?

A

From the condensation polymerisation of a diol and dicarboxylic acid

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3
Q

Give examples of 4 natural polymers

A
  • DNA
  • Proteins
  • Cellulose
  • Starch
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4
Q

What are the monomers in a protein polymer molecule?

A

Amino acids

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5
Q

What is condensation polymerisation?

A

A chemical reaction in which monomers join together to produce a polymer and a small molecule such as water.

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6
Q

What must the monomers have in addition polymerisation and what are they called?

A

A C=C bond (Alkenes)

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7
Q

What must the monomers in a condensation polymerisation reaction have?

A

2 functional groups

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8
Q

What is the functional group for amino acids (amine group)?

A

-NH2

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9
Q

What is the simplest amino acid and name its formula?

A

glycine

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10
Q

What is an amino acid?

A

An organic compound that contains 2 functional groups (-COOH and -NH2)

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11
Q

What is a polymer made from proteins called?

A

Polypeptides

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12
Q

What are DNA monomers called?

A

Nucleotides

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13
Q

Describe DNA structure

A

DNA is made up of 2 polymer chains that are held together in a double helix. Each polymer chain can be made from 4 different monomers.

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14
Q

What is the purpose of DNA?

A

To carry all genetic information required for reproduction and growth

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15
Q

What are the 4 DNA bases?

A
  • Adenine
  • Cytosine
  • Guanine
  • Thymine
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16
Q

How are polyamides formed?

A

From 2 different monomers - diamine and dicarboxylic acid

17
Q

What are polymers?

A

Polymers are very large molecules made when many smaller molecules (monomers) join together, end to end.

18
Q

What are monomers?

A

Monomers are small reactive molecules, mostly organic, that can join with other similar molecules to form very large molecules (polymers).

19
Q

What is addition polymerisation?

A

In addition polymerization, monomers react to form a polymer without the formation of by-products. Addition polymerizations usually are carried out in the presence of catalysts.

20
Q

What happens to the bonds during addition polymerisation?

A

The C=C double bond in the alkene breaks open to allow the alkene molecules to join together to form a single product , so it is an example of an addition reaction.

21
Q

What is a typical use for polythene?

A

packaging film, garbage bags, grocery bags, insulation for wires and cables

22
Q

What does DNA stand for?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

23
Q

DNA is an example of what type of polymer

A

Natural polymer

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