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GCSE Chemistry > C9 - Reactions of acids (PAPER 1) > Flashcards

C9 - Reactions of acids (PAPER 1) Flashcards

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1
Q

What are acids
- what are their pHs

A

compounds that release H+ ions when dissolved in water
- <7

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2
Q

What are the three main acids and their chemical symbols

A

sulfuric acid - H2SO4
hydrochloric acid - HCl
Nitric acid - HNO3

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3
Q

What are alkalis
- what are their pHs

A

compounds that release OH- ions when dissolved in water
- >7

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4
Q

What does the pH scale show
- What type of scale is it
- Compare pH 1 and pH3

A

How many H+ ions there are in the solution
- logarithmic scale
- pH1 has 100x (10^2) as many H+ ions as pH 3

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5
Q

How is the pH of a substance measured

A

universal indicator or pH probe

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6
Q

What is a strong acid

A

an acid where the molecules or ions completely ionise in water

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7
Q

What is a weak acid

A

an acid where the molecules or ions partially ionise in water

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8
Q

What is a salt

A

a compound formed when a metal ion takes the place of a hydrogen ion in an acid

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9
Q

At a given concentration, how does the strength of an acid compare with its pH

A

the stronger the acid, the lower the pH

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10
Q

Which type of salts do sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid form

A

sulphates, chlorides, nitrates

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11
Q

What are the products of a reaction between a metal and an acid

A

salt + hydrogen

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12
Q

What are the products of a reaction between a metal hydroxide and an acid

A

salt + water

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13
Q

What are the products of a reaction between a metal oxide an acid

A

salt + water

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14
Q

What are the products of a reaction between a metal carbonate and an acid

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

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15
Q

What is a base

A

substance that reacts with acids in neutralisation reactions

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16
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction

A

a reaction between an acid and a base that forms water

17
Q

What is the ionic equation for a reaction between an acid an alkali

A

H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) –> H20 (l)

18
Q

What is a redox reaction

A

one where a substance is reduced and one is oxidised

19
Q

How can you obtain a solid salt from a solution

A

crystallisation

20
Q

When an acid reacts with a metal, which species is oxidised

A

the metal

21
Q

When an acid reactis with a metal, which species is reduced

A

hydrogen

GCSE Chemistry (20 decks)

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