C3 - Ionic Bonding, Metallic Bonding, Structure (PAPER 1) Flashcards
What is an ion
an atom that has lost or gained electrons
What kinds of elements form ionic bonds
metals and non-metals
What charge do ions from group 1 and 2 form
1 : 1+
2 : 2+
What charge do ions from group 6 and 7 form
6 : 2-
7: 1-
Name the force that holds oppositely charged ions together
electrostatic force of attraction
Describe the structure of a giant ionic lattice
regular structure of alternating positive and negative ions, held together by the electrostatic force of attraction
Why do ionic substances have high melting points
electrostatic force of attraction between positive and negative ions is strong and requires lots of energy to break
Why don’t ionic substances conduct electricity when solid
ions are fixed in position so cannot move, and there are no delocalised electrons
When can ionic substances conduct electricity
When melted or dissolved
Why do ionic substances conduct electricity when melted or dissolved
ions are free to move and carry charge
Describe the structure of a pure metal
layers of positive metal ions surrounded by delocalised electrons
Describe the bonding in a pure metal
strong electrostatic forces of attraction between metal ions and delocalised electrons
What are the four properties of pure metals
malleable, high melting / boiling points, good conductor of heat and good conductor of electricity
Why are pure metals malleable
layers can slide over each other easily
Why do metals have high melting and boiling points
electrostatic force of attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons is strong and requires a lot of energy to break
