C9. Hydrocarbons Flashcards
What is complete combustion
During complete combustion carbon and hyrdogen combine with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water
What is the difference in incomplete combustion and complete combistion
During incomplete combustion part of the carbon is not completely oxidized producing carbon monoxide
describe the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon
Complete combustion of a hydrocarbon produces water vapour and carbon dioxide.
What is cracking
the process of breaking down large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller ones by heating them in the presence of a catalyst.
Give 4 examples of alkanes
methane, ethane, propane, butane
how can the production of carbon dioxide in a incomplete combustion be lethal
it reduces the capacity of blood to carry oxygen
What is a hydrocarbon
A molecule of Hydrogen and carbon only
Whats the differnece between alkanes and alkenes?
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds whereas alkenes hare unsaturated hydrocarbons with a carbon-carbon double bond
What do crude oils contain
Hundreds of different hydrocarbons
what are the different fractions of a crude oil (from top to bottom)
refinery gases, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, fuel oil and bitumen
Describe the process of distillation
A mixture of liquids is boiled and the vapours travel up a gas tube called a fractionating collum and then they condense at different temperutures meaning they seperate.
What is an ion
An atom or moleule that has lost or gained an electron making it positively or negatively charged
