C8 Reactivity Trends Flashcards
What’s the common name given to group 2 metals
Alkaline earth metals
What’s the most reactive metal of group 2
Barium
List 3 physical properties of group 2 metals
High melting and boiling points
Low density metals
Form colourless (white) compounds
The highest energy electrons of group 2 metals are in which subshell
S subshell
Does reactivity increase or decrease down group 2? Why
Increases
Electrons are lost more easily because larger atomic radius and more shielding
What happens to the first ionisation energy as you go down group 2 and why
Decreases
Increased shielding
Increased atomic radius -> weaker force between outer
Electron and nucleus —> less energy needed to remove electron
What type of reaction is the reaction between group 2 elements and oxygen
Redox reaction
Write an equation for the reaction of calcium and oxygen
2Ca(s) + O2(g) —> 2CaO(S)
What are the products when group 2 elements react with water
Hydroxide and hydrogen gas
Which group 2 element doesn’t react with water
Beryllium
Which group 2 element reacts very slowly with water
Magnesium
what type of reaction is the reaction between group 2 metal and water
Redox reaction
Write an equation for the reaction of barium and water
Ba(s) + 2H2O(l) —> Ba(OH)2 (aq) + H2(g)
What’s oxidised and what’s reduced in a reaction between group 2 metal and water
Metal —> oxidised
One hydrogen atom from each water —> reduced
What are the products when a group 2 element reacts with an dilute acid
Salt and hydrogen gas
Write an equation for the reaction of calcium and HCl
Ca(s) + 2HCl(aq) —> CaCl2(s) + H2(g)
What’s the formed when group 2 oxides react with water
Metal hydroxide
Write an equation for the reaction between a group 2 oxide and water
MO(s) + H2O(l) —>M(OH)2(aq)
What group 2 metal oxide is insoluble in water
Beryllium oxide
What is the trend in hydroxide solubility down group 2
Increases down group
Mg(OH)2 is slightly soluble
Ba(OH)2 creates a strong alkaline solution
What’s Ca(OH)2 used for? Write an equation related one of its uses
Used to neutralise soil
Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2HCl(aq) —> 2H2O(l) + CaCl2(aq)
What’s Mg(OH)2 used for
Milk of magnesia - antacid to treat indigestion, heartburn, etc.
What’s calcium carbonate used for
Present in limestone and marble
Used in building construction
What’s the drawback of using calcium carbonate construction? Write a related equation
Group 2 carbonates react with acid
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) —> CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
