C2 Atoms, Ions, And Compounds

Question 1

What’s the relative mass of a proton

Answer 1

1

Question 2

What’s the relative mass of a neutron

Answer 2

1

Question 3

What’s the relative mass of a electron

Answer 3

1/1836 or 1/2000

Question 4

What’s the relative charge of a proton

Answer 4

1+

Question 5

What’s the relative charge of a neutron

Answer 5

0

Question 6

What’s the relative charge of a electron

Answer 6

1-

Question 7

Define isotope

Answer 7

Atoms of same element with same number of electrons and protons, but different numbers of neutrons and different masses

Question 8

What’s the mass number

Answer 8

Number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 9

What’s the atomic number

Answer 9

Number of protons

Question 10

What’s an ion

Answer 10

A charged atom

Question 11

Define relative isotopic mass

Answer 11

Mass of an isotope relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of C-12

Question 12

Define relative atomic mass

Answer 12

Weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of C-12

Question 13

What’s a binary compound

Answer 13

Contains 2 elements only

Question 14

What’s a polyatomic ion

Answer 14

An ion that contains more than 1 element bonded. together

Question 15

What’s a diatomic molecule

Answer 15

2 of the same atoms bonded together e.g. 02,C12

Question 16

What’s a formula unit

Answer 16

In ionic compounds, the formula worked out from the ionic charges that are used in equations

Question 17

Ammonium ion

Answer 17

NH4+

Question 18

Hydroxide ion

Answer 18

OH-

Question 19

Nitrate ion

Answer 19

NO3-

Question 20

Nitrite ion

Answer 20

NO2-

Question 21

Hydrogen carbonate ion

Answer 21

HCO3-

Question 22

Manganate(VII)(permanganate) ion

Answer 22

MnO4-

Question 23

Carbonate ion

Answer 23

CO3^2-

Question 24

Sulfate ion

Answer 24

SO4^2-

Question 25

Sulfite ion

Answer 25

SO3^2-

Question 26

Dichromate(VI) ion

Answer 26

CrO7^2-

Question 27

Phosphate ion

Answer 27

PO4^3-

Question 28

Explain current model of atom

Answer 28

Protons and neutrons found in nucleus Electrons orbit in shells Nucleus is tiny compared to total volume of atom Most of atoms mass is in nucleus Most of atom is empty space between nucleus and electrons

Question 29

Which 2 particles make up most of atoms mass

Answer 29

Protons and neutrons

Question 30

Why does diff isotopes of same element react in same way

Answer 30

Neutrons have no impact on chemical reactivity Reactions involve electrons, isotopes have same number of electrons in same arrangement

Question 31

The relative isotopic mass is the same as which number

Answer 31

Mass number

Question 32

What 2 assumptions are made when calculating mass number

Answer 32

Contribution of electron is neglected Mass of both neutron and proton is taken as 1.0u

Question 33

What are molecular ions

Answer 33

Covalently bonded atoms that lose or gain electrons

Question 34

Which are 4 elements that don’t tend to form ions and why

Answer 34

Beryllium, boron, carbon and silicon Requires a lot of energy to transfer outer shell electrons

Question 35

How does a mass spectrometer work

Answer 35

Sample made into positive ions They pass through apparatus & are separated according to mass to charge ratio Computer analyses data and produces mass spectrum

Question 36

What are the uses of mass spectrometry

Answer 36

Identify unknown compounds Find relative abundance of each isotope of an element Determine structural information

Question 37

State differences between isotopes of same element

Answer 37

Diff number of neutrons Diff atomic masses / mass numbers Diff physical properties

Question 38

State similarities and differences between atomic structure of isotope of same element

Answer 38

Same number of protons & electrons Diff number of neutrons

Question 39

Example question = Different isotopes of antimony have the same chemical properties. Explain why.

Answer 39

Same number of electrons in outer shell Same electron configuration / electron structure