C4.2 - Identifying The Products Of Chemical Reactions Flashcards
How do you detect carbon dioxide, and why does it happen?
Limewater turns cloudy white
The change is caused by calcium hydroxide reacting with carbon dioxide to form water and a white precipitate of calcium carbonate
How do you detect chlorine?
Dampen blue litmus paper
Hold next to chlorine
If it turns red then white, chlorine is present
How do you detect hydrogen?
Use a lit splint, and if hydrogen is present, it should ignite with a squeaky pop
How do you detect oxygen?
Place a glowing splint, and if it relights, oxygen is present
What colour flame do lithium ions produce?
Red
What colour flame do sodium ions produce?
Yellow
What colour flame do potassium ions produce?
Lilac
What colour flame do calcium ions produce?
Orange-red
What colour flame do copper ions produce?
Green-blue
How to do a flame test?
Dip a cleaned nichrome wire loop into the flame
What colour hydroxide precipitate is produced from iron(II) ions?
Green
What colour hydroxide precipitate is produced from iron(III) ions?
Orange-brown
What colour hydroxide precipitate is produced from copper(II) ions?
Blue
What colour hydroxide precipitate is produced from calcium ions?
White
What colour hydroxide precipitate is produced from zinc ions?
White
How do you detect sulfate ions?
Add a few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid, then a few drops of barium chloride solution
If sulfate ions are present, a white precipitate is formed
How do you detect carbonate ions?
Add a few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid, and link it to limewater, and confirm with a limewater test
How do you detect halide ions?
Add a few drops of dilute nitric acid, and a few drops of silver nitrate solution, if a halide ion is present, you will get a precipitate
