C3.1 - Introducing Chemical Reactions Flashcards

1
Q

What is a diatomic molecule?

A

An element that always travels in pairs

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2
Q

Which elements exist as diatomic molecules?

A

The Group 7 elements and hydrogen

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3
Q

Why are metals not diatomic?

A

They exist only as giant metallic lattices

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4
Q

What does a compound with the suffix “ate” contain (Carbonate, sulfate)?

A

Oxygen

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5
Q

What does the molecular formula of a covalent compound show?

A

The symbols for each element in contains
The number of atoms of each element in one of its molecules

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6
Q

What is the law of conservation of mass?

A

Atoms cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions, but they are just joined in a different way

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7
Q

How can the law of conservation of mass be investigated?

A

A closed experiment, where no substances can move in or out of

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8
Q

What order should you balance different elements in chemical equations?

A

C - carbon
H - hydrogen
O - oxygen
M - metals
O - others

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9
Q

What is a mole?

A

A unit for amount of substance

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10
Q

What is the Avogadro constant and its value?

A

The number of entities in 1 mole
6.02 x (10 to the power of 23)

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11
Q

How do you calculate the number of moles?

A

Mass / (atomic or formula) mass

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12
Q

What is a limiting reactant?

A

One reactant is usually in excess in a reaction mixture. The other one is the limiting reactant, because there is not enough of it to react with the other substance

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