c4.1 predicting chemical reactions Flashcards
what is group 1 usually called
alkali metals
what do group 1 form with water
alkali solutions
alkali metal + water => metal hydroxide + hydrogen
going down group 1
- density increases
- melting point decreases
- reactivity increases
what is group 7 called
the halogens
what are the physical properties of group 7
non-metals
brittle
poor conductors
they exist as diatomic molecules with weak IMF.
what is fluorine at RT
pale yellow gas
what is chlorine at RT
green gas
what is bromine at RT
an orange brown liquid
what is iodine at RT
shiny grey- black crystalline solid
going down group 7
density increases
melting and boiling points increase
reactivity decreases going down the group
halogen displacement reactions
a halogen can only displace a halide if it is more reactive that the halide. So: Chlorine can displace Bromide and Iodide Bromine can displace Iodide Iodide can't displace anything
what is group 8 called
the noble gases
trends in group 8
they are monatomic (exist as single atoms)
very weak IMF between them
going down group 8…
- IMF get stronger between the atoms
- boiling points increase
- density increases
typical properties of transition metals
shiny when cut
good conductors of electricity
strong
malleable
compared to the alkali metals, the transition metals are..
- stronger and harder
- have higher densities
- have higher melting points
- also produce colourful ionic compounds
- can form more than 1 type of ion
- less reactive
metal displacement reactions
more reactive metals can displace less reactive metals
covalent bonds occur between
non-metals only
ionic bonds occur between
metals and non-metals
metals is groups 1 and 2 are…
more reactive than transition metals
and
become more reactive down the group
