C4.1 Periodic Table

Question 1

Group 1 elements name + properties

Answer 1

Alkali metals

• react w water = alkaline solutions
• shiny when freshly cut
• good conductors
• solid state at room temp BUT soft to cut

Question 2

Group 1 trends down the group

Answer 2

• Density + reactivity in water increases

- Melting point decreases

Question 3

How do you store G1 metals + why?

Answer 3

Store in oil as they react with oxygen and water

Question 4

How do lithium, sodium and potassium react with water?

Answer 4

Li - fizzes steadily + slowly disappears
Na - melts to form a SILVERY BALL, fizzes vigorously + quickly disappears
K - ignites, burns with a lilac flame + very quickly disappears

Question 5

Group 7 elements name + properties

Answer 5

Halogens

• non-metals, exist as diatomic molecules w intermolecular forces in between
• brittle
• poor conductors

Question 6

Colours and state of each halogen

F, Cl, Br, I

Answer 6

Fluorine - pale yellow gas
Chlorine - green gas
Bromine - orange/brown liquid that vaporises quickly
Iodine - shiny grey-black crystalline solid that sublimes to form a purple vapour

Question 7

G7 trends down the group

Answer 7

• Density + MP + BP’s increases

- Reactivity DECREASES

Question 8

How do halogens react with G1 metals

Answer 8

halogen + metal –> salt

- react vigorously esp when heated

Question 9

Group 0 name + properties

Answer 9

Noble gases

• very unreactive, take part in very few chem reactions
• gas state at room temp
• monatomic, exist as single atoms w very weak forces of attraction between them
• very low BP + density

Question 10

Trends in group 0 down the group

Answer 10

• BP + densities increase

Question 11

Transition metal properties

Answer 11

Typical metal properties

• shiny when freshly cut
• good conductors
• strong
• malleable
• good catalysts, used in catalytic converters (platinum, rhodium + palladium)

Question 12

Transition metal properties compared to alkali metals

Answer 12

• stronger + harder
• higher densities
• higher melting points (except mercury)

Question 13

Uses of transition metals

Answer 13

• useful for making everyday objects

- e.g. cu = strong flexible wires (good conductor)

Question 14

transition metals chemical properties compared to alkalis

Answer 14

• Less reactive
• Alkali metals –> white/colourless ionic compounds
• Transition metals –> coloured ionic compounds
• can form ions more than 1 + charge

Question 15

Chemical properties of transition metals

Answer 15

• Iron reacts slowly w water + oxygen–> hydrated iron(III) oxide (rust)
• gold, platinum, iridium dont react w H20 + 02

Question 16

Reactivity series from most to least

Answer 16

Please stop calling me a zebra instead try learning how copper saves gold pieces
Potassium
sodium 
calcium 
magnesium 
aluminium 
zinc 
iron 
tin
lead
(hydrogen)
copper
silver
gold
platinum

Question 17

metal + water –> ?

Answer 17

–> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 18

Reactivity series rule

Answer 18

Only metals above H2 react w water + dilute acids

Question 19

metal + acid –> ?

Answer 19

–> metal salt + H2

Question 20

How do you test reactivity?

Answer 20

Place abt 2cm3 water in a test tube (or dilute HCL) + a small piece of the metal
- note rate of bubbling (H2)
if there’s no bubbling then gently warm water/hcl to see if rate increases - DONT BOIL it will interfere w bubbles + unsafe to boil hcl

repeat w other metals or switch to hcl

Question 21

What happens when copper reacts w Silver nitrate

Answer 21

It will displace silver, and a blue colour change occurs as copper nitrate is blue