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Chemistry > C4: Chemical Changes (triple) > Flashcards

C4: Chemical Changes (triple) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the word equation for neutralisation reaction of an acid and base?

A

Acid + Base —> salt + water

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2
Q

What do acids do in aqueous solutions?

A

Ionise

Produce a H+ ion (proton)

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3
Q

Describe the properties of a weak acid.

A

Don’t ionise fully
Ionisation is a reversible reaction
Creates an equilibrium between the undissociated and dissociated acid

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4
Q

Describe the properties of a strong acid.

A

Ionise completely in water

More reactive than weak acids because they have a higher concentration of H+ ions

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5
Q

What is Ph?

A

The measure of concentration of hydrogen ions.

For every 1 decrease in Ph H+ ions increase by 10 times.

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6
Q

How do acids react with metal oxides?

A

Form salt and water

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7
Q

How do acids and metal hydroxides react?

A

Form salt and water.

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8
Q

How do acids and metal carbonates react?

A

To form salt water and carbon dioxide.

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9
Q

What is the reactivity series of metals?

A 
Potassium 
Sodium 
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium 
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Hydrogen
Copper
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10
Q

How do acids react with metals?

A

Salt + hydrogen

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11
Q

How are metal ores formed?

A

Metal is oxidised (gains oxygen)

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12
Q

How are metal extracted? (Redox)

A

Metal is reduced (loss of oxygen)

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13
Q

What is oxidation?

A 
Oxidation
Involves 
Loss of electrons 
Reduction 
Involves
Gain of electrons
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14
Q

What is reduction?

A 
Oxidation
Involves 
Loss of electrons 
Reduction 
Involves
Gain of electrons
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15
Q

Describe a diagram of a simple electrochemical cell.

A

copper and zinc electrodes are connected by a wire and are suspended in sodium chloride solution (electrolyte).

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16
Q

What can give cells different voltages?

A

a greater difference in reactivity between the electrodes will create a bigger voltage.
the electrolyte used.

17
Q

Explain what happens to the voltages of cells when they are connected in series?

A

their voltages are added up.

18
Q

Why can non rechargeable batteries only be used once?

A

all the reactants in the cells are used up and the reaction wasn’t reversible.

19
Q

How does the reaction between oxygen and a fuel in a fuel cell create usable electricity?

A

the fuel is oxidised in the fuel cell setting up a potential difference.

20
Q

How is a hydrogen fuel cell a redox reaction

A

hydrogen loses an electron (oxidised) in the anode compartment. oxygen gains electrons (reduced) in the cathode compartment.

Chemistry (10 decks)

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