C2: Bonding, Struscture And Properties Of Matter (triple)

Question 1

Why do ionic compounds form regular lattices?

Answer 1

Because they are held in place by electrostatic forces of attraction in all directions.

Question 2

What is a polymer?

Answer 2

Long chains of repeating units.

Question 3

Give three examples of giant covalent structures.

Answer 3

Diamond
Graphite
Silocon dioxide (silica)

Question 4

Give four examples of allotropes of carbon.

Answer 4

Diamond
Graphite
Graphene
Fullerenes

Question 5

What are fullerenes?

Answer 5

Molecules of carbon shaped like closed tubes or hollow balls.

Question 6

Give two examples of fullerenes.

Answer 6

Buck minster fullerenes (spheres C60)

Nanotubes (cylinders)

Question 7

Describe how metallic bonding works.

Answer 7

1. The outer shell electrons delocalise
2. There are strong forces of attraction between the positive metal ions and negative electrons
3. This force holds them together creating strong materials

Question 8

Why are alloys harder than pure metals?

Answer 8

This different sized atoms of the different metals distort the layers of atoms so more energy is required to move them over each other.

Question 9

How big does a particle have to be to be classed as a coarse particle?

Answer 9

between 2500 nm and 10000 nm.

Question 10

How big does a particle have to be to be classed as a fine particle?

Answer 10

between 100 nm and 2500 nm.

Question 11

How big does a particle have to be to be classed as a nanoparticle?

Answer 11

between 1 nm and 100 nm.

Question 12

What do nano particles have that makes them good for potential future catalysts?

Answer 12

a high surface area to volume ratio.