c4. acids and bases Flashcards
What is an acid?
A substance that donates protons (H+) in a reaction.
What is a base?
A substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-).
True or False: Acids have a pH less than 7.
True
True or False: Bases have a pH greater than 7.
True
What is the pH range of neutral solutions?
7
Fill in the blank: A strong acid completely ionizes in solution, while a _____ acid does not.
weak
What is the general formula for calculating pH?
pH = -log[H+]
What happens when an acid reacts with a base?
They neutralize each other to form water and a salt.
What is the term for a substance that changes color in response to pH?
Indicator
What is universal indicator?
A mixture of indicators that shows a range of colors at different pH levels.
Which gas is produced when an acid reacts with a carbonate?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
What is the result of a strong acid being diluted with water?
The pH increases, making the solution less acidic.
Fill in the blank: Acids and bases can conduct _____ when dissolved in water.
electricity
What is the process called when an acid and a base react?
Neutralization
What salt is formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide?
Sodium chloride (NaCl)
