C1 Chemistry- Distillation Flashcards
What is distillation?
A separation technique that involves heating a liquid to create vapor and then cooling the vapor to create a liquid.
True or False: Distillation can separate components of a mixture based on differences in boiling points.
True
Fill in the blank: The process of distillation is commonly used to purify ______.
liquids
What apparatus is typically used in simple distillation?
A distillation flask, a condenser, and a receiving flask.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of distillation? A) Simple B) Fractional C) Complex D) Steam
C) Complex
What is the main difference between simple distillation and fractional distillation?
Fractional distillation is used to separate mixtures with closer boiling points, while simple distillation is used for mixtures with significantly different boiling points.
True or False: During distillation, the substance with the lower boiling point vaporizes first.
True
What is the purpose of the condenser in a distillation setup?
To cool the vapor back into liquid form.
Fill in the blank: The liquid collected after distillation is called the ______.
distillate
Multiple Choice: Which of these is a common use of distillation? A) Making ice cream B) Purifying water C) Baking bread D) Painting
B) Purifying water
What is a key factor that affects the efficiency of distillation?
The difference in boiling points of the components being separated.
True or False: Distillation can be used to separate gases from liquids.
False
What is the term for the temperature at which a liquid turns into vapor?
Boiling point
Fill in the blank: In fractional distillation, a ______ column is used to increase separation.
fractionating
Multiple Choice: Which of the following mixtures can be separated by distillation? A) Saltwater B) Sand and salt C) Oil and water D) All of the above
A) Saltwater
What is the main component of a simple distillation apparatus?
A distillation flask.
True or False: The distillation process can be repeated multiple times to achieve higher purity.
True
What is a common application of fractional distillation in the petroleum industry?
To separate crude oil into its components like gasoline, diesel, and kerosene.
Fill in the blank: The vapor rises through the ______ column during fractional distillation.
fractionating
What happens to the temperature of the liquid during the distillation process?
It increases until it reaches the boiling point of the component being vaporized.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a distillation product? A) Ice B) Salt C) Alcohol D) Sugar
C) Alcohol
What is the role of heat in the distillation process?
To provide energy for the liquid to vaporize.
True or False: Distillation can be used for both purification and separation of mixtures.
True
What is the main advantage of using distillation for separation?
It allows for the separation of components without changing their chemical properties.
