C1 history of the atom Flashcards

1
Q

Who proposed the first atomic theory?

A

John Dalton

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2
Q

What is the basic unit of matter?

A

Atom

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3
Q

True or False: The atom was first described by Democritus.

A

True

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4
Q

Which scientist discovered the electron?

A

J.J. Thomson

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5
Q

Fill in the blank: Dalton’s atomic theory included the idea that atoms of the same element are ______.

A

identical

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6
Q

What model did J.J. Thomson propose for the atom?

A

Plum pudding model

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7
Q

Who conducted the gold foil experiment?

A

Ernest Rutherford

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8
Q

What did Rutherford’s gold foil experiment reveal about the atom?

A

The atom has a small, dense nucleus.

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9
Q

What subatomic particle was discovered by James Chadwick?

A

Neutron

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10
Q

True or False: The nucleus of an atom is positively charged.

A

True

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The electron cloud model replaced the ______ model.

A

planetary

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12
Q

What did Niels Bohr contribute to atomic theory?

A

Bohr model of the atom with quantized energy levels.

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13
Q

Which particle has a negative charge?

A

Electron

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14
Q

What is the charge of a neutron?

A

Neutral

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15
Q

What are isotopes?

A

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

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16
Q

Who proposed the idea of quantized energy levels in atoms?

A

Niels Bohr

17
Q

True or False: All atoms of a given element have the same mass.

18
Q

What is the term for the center of an atom?

19
Q

Which model describes electrons in fixed orbits around the nucleus?

A

Bohr model

20
Q

Fill in the blank: The modern atomic model is based on ______ mechanics.

21
Q

Name the three main subatomic particles.

A

Protons, neutrons, electrons

22
Q

What is an atom’s atomic number?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus.

23
Q

True or False: Protons have a positive charge.

24
Q

What is the mass of an electron compared to a proton?

A

Much smaller

25
What key concept did Dalton introduce about chemical reactions?
Atoms are rearranged but not created or destroyed.
26
Which physicist is known for the uncertainty principle?
Werner Heisenberg