C1 electronic structure Flashcards
What is the basic unit of an element that retains its chemical properties?
Atom
True or False: Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
True
What is the charge of a proton?
Positive
Fill in the blank: The number of protons in an atom is called the __________.
Atomic number
What is the charge of an electron?
Negative
What particle in the atom has no charge?
Neutron
How many electrons can the first shell of an atom hold?
2
What are the outermost electrons in an atom called?
Valence electrons
What is the maximum number of electrons that the second shell can hold?
8
True or False: The atomic mass of an element is primarily determined by the number of protons and neutrons.
True
What is the term for atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons?
Isotopes
Which subatomic particle determines the chemical behavior of an atom?
Electron
What is the electron configuration for the element carbon (atomic number 6)?
1s² 2s² 2p²
Fill in the blank: The __________ model describes the arrangement of electrons in an atom.
Bohr
What is the term for the energy required to remove an electron from an atom?
Ionization energy
What do we call the vertical columns in the periodic table?
Groups
What is the significance of the group number in the periodic table?
It indicates the number of valence electrons.
True or False: Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.
True
What is the octet rule?
Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to have eight electrons in their outer shell.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the region around the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found.
Electron cloud
What is meant by ‘electronegativity’?
The tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a bond.
Which element has the highest electronegativity?
Fluorine
What is a cation?
A positively charged ion.
What is an anion?
A negatively charged ion.
True or False: The nucleus of an atom contains electrons.
False
What is the main difference between metals and non-metals in terms of electron configuration?
Metals tend to lose electrons, while non-metals tend to gain electrons.
What determines the identity of an element?
The number of protons in its nucleus.
