C4

Question 1

What are addition polymers?

Answer 1

They are used to make up plastics with carbon to carbon double bonds

Question 2

What are condensation polymers?

Answer 2

When two different types of monomers bond together to make poly chains

Question 3

What are giant covalent structures?

Answer 3

• They are structures that contain many covalent bonds
• No charged ions
• Very high melting and boiling points
• Dont conduct electricity
• insoluble in water

Question 4

What are the properties of diamond structures?

Answer 4

• Lustrous and colourless
• 4 covalent bonds in a rigid giant covalent structure
• High melting point
• doesnt conduct electricity
• No free flowing electrons

Question 5

What are the properties of graphite and graphene?

Answer 5

• Graphite is black and opaque
• Three covalent bonds
• Sheets of carbon atoms that are free to slide over each other
• High melting point
• Needs a lot of energy to be broken
• Lots of delocalised electrons - conducts electricity
• Graphene is one sheet of graphite

Question 6

Bulk properties of metals

Answer 6

1.Tensile strenght-How much a material can resist from a pulling force
2.Compressive strength- How much a material can resist a pushing force
3.Stiffness-How easily a material can be bent
4.Hardness-How difficult it is to cut into a substance
5.Brittleness-How easily something can be broken when hit by a sudden force
6.Ease of shaping-How easily a material can be reshaped
7.Conductivity-How easily a material can conduct electricity

Question 7

What are ceramics?

Answer 7

• Stiff but brittle materials that are made when baking substances, such as clay

Question 8

What are composites?

Answer 8

These are materials made up of different materials such as fibreglass

Question 9

What are alloys?

Answer 9

Mixure of metals and another element such as bronze(copper and tin)

Question 10

What is corrosion?

Answer 10

The process in which metals are slowly broken down by reacting with substances in the environment.

Question 11

What is corrosion of a iron(rusting)?

Answer 11

• It is a redox reaction(OILRIG-in terms of electrons)
• Corrodes when coming in contact with oxygen and water
• Iron + oxygen + water->Hydrated ion(///) oxide

Question 12

What are nanoparticles?

Answer 12

• Very small structures that only contain a few hundred atoms
• Measured in nanometres (nm) the same as 0.000000001 metres
• 1 x 10 (to power of -9)
• Used for modifying properties of metals

Question 13

What is oxidation?

Answer 13

A reaction that involves the addition of oxygen

Question 14

What is sustainable development?

Answer 14

• The reusing and recycling of resources
• It is an approach to human and economic development
• Meets the needs of cuttent generations and damage the environment
• Benefits the current generation and the next generation
• this means we shouldnt use up limited resouces, damage the environment and increade global warming
• Using renewable resources would be better

Question 15

What is life cylcle assessment?

Answer 15

1)Extracting & processing raw materials, damages environment indirectly and directly
2)Manufacturing and packaging product-energy use, release of pollution, waste products
3)Using product-How much damage it does, how long its being used for
4)Landfill, chemicals seep out to surrounding ecosystems, buring waste releases pollution```