C2

Question 1

What is the atom?

Answer 1

• The atom is a tiny molecule that forms up everything
• it is made up of three different different subatomic particles, protons, neutrons and electrons
• Protons-mass=1-Charge=+1
• Neutrons-Mass=1-Charge=0
• Electrons-Mass=0.0005-Charge=-1
• Nucleus in the middle, contains protons and neutrons
• Electrons in shells moving around the nucleus

Question 2

What is the atomic number and mass number?

Answer 2

The atomic number tells us the number of protons and electrons there are
The mass number tells us the number of protons + neutrons

Question 3

What is an ion?

Answer 3

• They are charged particles
• They form when an atom gains or loses an electron

Question 4

What are isotopes?

Answer 4

Differenr forms of the same element but it has a different number of neutrons
The atomic number stays the same but the mass number changes

Question 5

What is the rule of the electronic structure?

Answer 5

Electrons are in shells surrounding an atoms nucleus
The first shell has 2
The second shell has 8
The third shell 8
The rest dont need to be known at gcse level

Question 6

What are metals?

Answer 6

• Metals are elements which form positive ions when they react
• Shiny
• good conductors of heat and electricity
• Highly dense
• High boiling and melting points

Question 7

What are non-metals?

Answer 7

• Far right of the periodic table
• Dull looking
• Poor conductors of heat and electricity
• Low density
• Gases or lliquids at room temp

Question 8

What are the properties of group 1 elements?

Answer 8

• Alkali metals
• One electron in the outer shell
• very reactive
• soft and low density
• Melting and boiling points decrease as you go down group 1
• Tarnishes in air

Question 9

What are the properties of group 7 elements(halogens)?

Answer 9

• Non metals
• 7 electrons in the outershell
• diatomic molecules, shares one pair on electrons in a covalent bond
• Reactivity decrease as you go down group 7

Question 10

What are molecules?

Answer 10

• A group of 2 or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
• Oxygen O=O O double bond

Question 11

What are compounds?

Answer 11

• Substances that contain two or more DIFFERENT elements held by chemical bonds
• Water is oxygen binded to two hydrogens

Question 12

What are mixtures?

Answer 12

Two or more substances that are not chemically bonded together

Question 13

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 13

When a neatal and a non metal share electrons to have a full outershell.
In doing this you are creating 2 ions one being positive and the other being negative