Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

chemistry > C3 - Amount of substance and the mole > Flashcards

C3 - Amount of substance and the mole Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the Avogadro constant?

A

N(A)
Number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope
6.02 x 10^23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a mole?

A

Amount of substance containing as many elementary particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12g of the carbon 12 isotope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the mass of one mole of any element

A

Their atomic masses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is molar mass ?

A

M
Mass per mole of a substance (g/mol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Amount of substance formula

A

Amount (mol) = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol)
n = m/M

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is molecular formula?

A

Formula that shows the number and type of each element present in a molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is empirical formula?

A

Formula that shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does hydrated mean?

A

Crystalline compound containing water molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is water of crystallisation?

A

Water molecules that are bonded into a crystalline structure of a compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is anhydrous?

A

Containing no water molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do you calculate formula of a hydrated salt?

A

Weigh empty crucible
Add hydrated salt into crucible and weigh (hydrated salt)
Using pipe-clay triangle support crucible on tripod
Heat crucible gently for one minute
Then heat strong for three minutes
Leave to cool
Then weigh crucible again (anhydrous salt)

Calculate mole of anhydrous salt
Calculate mole of water
For hydrated salt it’s simplest whole number ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What assumptions are made during hydrated salt experiment

A

1) all water has been lost
-colour change helps but you can only see surface
-better to heat till constant mass
2) no further decomposition
-many salts decompose when heated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

1Cm^3 in ml

A

1 ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

1dm^3 in cm^3

A

1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

1dm^3 in ml

A

1000ml
1L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is concentration?

A

Amount of solute (moles) dissolved in 1dm^3 of solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

concentration formula

A

amount (mol) = conc (mol/dm^3) x volume (dm^3)
n = cV

18
Q

What us a standard solution?

A

Solution of known concentration

19
Q

How else can you calculate concentration ?

A

Using mass

20
Q

What is molar gas volume?

A

Vm
Volume per mole of gas molecules at a stated temperature and pressure

21
Q

What does molar gas volume depend on?

A

Pressure and temperature

22
Q

What’s molar gas volume at RTP

A

24 dm^3
24000cm^3

23
Q

Molar gas volume rtp formula

A

Amount (mol) = volume (dm^3) / molar gas volume (dm^3/mol)
n = V / Vm

24
Q

What are the assumptions made for the molecules making up an ideal gas?

A

-Random motion
-Elastic collisions
-Negligible size
-No intermolecular forces

25
Q

What is the ideal gas equation?

A

pV = nRT

Pressure (Pa) x Volume (m^3) = amount (mol) x Molar gas constant (8.314) x Temperature (K)

26
Q

What’s ideal gas constant value

A

8.314 J/mol/K

27
Q

Units for ideal gas constant equation

A

Pa
m^3
Mol
K

28
Q

Cm^3 to m^3

A

x 10^-6

29
Q

dm^3 to m^3

A

x 10^-3

30
Q

C to K

A

+273

31
Q

KPa to Pa

A

x 10^3

32
Q

What’s RTP

A

20C
101kPa

33
Q

What is stoichiometry

A

Ratio of the amount of each substance in a chemical equation in moles

34
Q

What is percentage yield?

A

( Actual yield / theoretical yield ) x 100%

35
Q

What’s actual yield

A

Amount of products obtained form a reaction

36
Q

What is theoretical yield

A

Yield from complete conversion of reactants into products

37
Q

What is the limiting reagent?

A

Reactant that is not in excess and will be used up first and stop the reaction

38
Q

What is atom economy

A

( Sum of molar mass of desired products / sum of molar masses of all products ) x 100

39
Q

What does atom economy not take into account

A

Percentage yield
Pollutants

40
Q

What are the benefits for sustainability of developing chemical processes with high atom economy?

A

-More efficient so preserve raw resources
-Reduces waste

41
Q

experimental techniques for molar/ideal gas calculations

A

add in accordance of exam qs

chemistry (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions