C2.2 - Separation techniques Flashcards
What is a mixture?
A mixture is a combination of different substances. The substances are not chemically joined.
What is a compound?
A compound is a combination of elements that are chemically joined.
How can you test if a substance is pure?
A pure substance has a sharp melting point meaning that it will stay at one temperature until it is melted. You can draw a line graph to show this.
What is a solute?
What is a solvent?
A solute is the substance that is being dissolved.
A solvent is the substance dissolving the solute.
What is a solution?
A solution is a mixture of a liquid with a solid or gas.
What is it called when a solvent cannot dissolve any more of the solute?
It becomes a saturated solution.
What is the solubility of a solute?
The solubility is the mass of the solute in 100g of water to make a saturated solution.
Does temperature affect solubility? If it does, predict if the outcome of making the temperature higher.
Temperature does affect solubility. The higher the temperature, the higher amount of solute which the water dissolves.
What mixtures can be separated by filtration?
A solution from a solid that is mixed with it but not dissolved.
What is the difference between the filtrate and the residue?
The filtrate is the liquid that is separated from the mixture while the residue is the solid that is left.
How would you separate a mixture of sand and salt?
First you would add water to the solution and mix to dissolve the salt, the sand does not dissolve in the water because it is a insoluble substance.. Then you would have to filtrate the mixture so the sand is left as the residue while the solution of water and salt passes through.
How could you separate salt from salty water.
You would use evaporation. The water evaporates while the salt doesn’t.
What is distillation?
Distillation is a process that uses evaporation and condensation to obtain a solvent from a solution.
What does chromatography do?
Chromatography is used to find out which dyes are in colours.
