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Chemistry > C20 Making Our Resources > Flashcards

C20 Making Our Resources Flashcards

1
Q

Describe 2 ways to stop corrosion

A
  • Physical barriers - Coating a corrodible material with a barrier such as paint or grease
  • Sacrificial protection - A more reactive substance is placed on the corrodible material to stop the protected material from reacting
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2
Q

What 2 conditions must be met for rust to occur

A
  • Oxygen present
  • Water present
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3
Q

What metal does rust occur in

A

Iron

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4
Q

Galvanisation is an example of what type of corrosion defence method

A

Sacrificial protection - Iron is galvanised in zinc

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5
Q

Properties of high carbon steel

A

Strong but brittle

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6
Q

Properties of low carbon steel

A

Soft, easy to shape

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7
Q

Properties of brass

A

Very hard but workable

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8
Q

Properties of bronze

A

Resistant to corrosion

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9
Q

Properties of stainless steel

A

Resistant to corrosion, Hard

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10
Q

Properties of high aluminium alloys

A

Low density

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11
Q

Composition of high carbon steel

A

Iron with 1-2% carbon

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12
Q

Composition of low carbon steel

A

Iron with less than 1% carbon

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13
Q

Composition of stainless steel

A

Iron with chromium and nickel

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14
Q

Composition of brass

A

Copper and zinc

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15
Q

Composition of bronze

A

Copper and tin

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16
Q

How is soda-lime glass manufactured

A

A mixture of sand, sodium carbonate and limestone are heated

17
Q

How is borosilicate glass manufactured

A

A mixture of sand and boron trioxide are heated

18
Q

How is clay ceramics manufactured

A

Shape wet clay and then heat in a furnace

19
Q

What are the properties of soda-lime glass

A

Transparent and brittle

20
Q

What are the properties of boronsilicate glass

A

High melting point, transparent and brittle

21
Q

What are the properties of clay ceramics

A

Hard, Brittle, easy to shape before manufacturing, resistant to corrosion

22
Q

How is LDPE (Low density poly[ethene]) formed

A
  • Addition polymerisation
  • High pressure
  • small amount of oxygen
23
Q

How is HDPE (High density poly[ethene]) formed

A
  • Addition polymerisation
  • Using a catalyst at 50 degrees celsius
24
Q

What is a thermosoftening polymer

A

A polymer that softens when heated

25
Q

What is a thermosetting polymer

A

A polymer that doesn’t soften when heated

26
Q

Difference in structure between thermosoftening polymers and thermosetting polymers

A
  • Thermosoftening polymers have no links between different polymer chains whereas Thermosetting polymers do so do not soften when heated
27
Q

3 conditions used during the manufacturing of ammonia in the haber process

A
  • Iron Catalyst
  • 450 degrees celsius
  • 200 atmospheres of pressure
28
Q

What type of reaction is the haber process

A

Reversible reaction

29
Q

What 3 elements should be present in an effective fertiliser

A

Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium

Chemistry (20 decks)

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