C18 The Earth's Atmosphere Flashcards
1
Q
What was the largest component of earths early atmosphere
A
Carbon dioxide
2
Q
How is nitrogen the predominant element in earths atmosphere
A
- Originally released from volcanoes
- Continued to increase later on as N2 is an extremely stable molecules so any process that causes the overall amount to build over time
- Now at 80% of earth’s atmosphere
3
Q
Why was water vapour more present in the past atmosphere of earth than it is now
A
- Originally released by volcanoes as a vapour
- Atmosphere was too hot for it to condense
- As the atmosphere cooled, water vapour condensed to form the sea
4
Q
Effects of global warming
A
- Rising sea levels
- Extreme weather events
- Changes in rainfall duration
- Changes in ecosystems and habitats
- Polar ice caps melting
5
Q
How is carbon monoxide released into the atmosphere
A
Incomplete combustion
6
Q
How do particulates get released into our atmosphere and what is their effect
A
- released by incomplete combustion of fuels (particularly in diesel engines)
- these particulates cause global dimming, respiratory problems and could potentially cause cancer
7
Q
How is sulfur dioxide is released into earth’s atmosphere and its consequences
A
- Is released when fuel with sulfur impurities is combusted
- Can lead to acid rain when sulfur ions dissolve into the water in clouds
8
Q
How are nitrogen oxides released into earth’s atmosphere and what do they cause
A
- Released from nitrogen in the air being heated near an engine to react with oxygen
- Causes acid rain as Nitrogen ions dissolve in water in the clouds
