C2 The Periodic Table

Question 1

What are metals in the peroidic table?

Answer 1

Elements that react to form positive ions

Question 2

Before the discovery of sub-atomic particles, how did scientists attempt to classify elements?

Answer 2

In order of their atomic weights

Question 3

What were the problems of Newland’s arrangment of the periodic table?

Answer 3

• Gaps weren’t left for undiscovered elements
• His ‘Law of Octaves’ broke down after Calcium (Ca)

Question 4

What was Newland’s Law of Octaves?

Answer 4

Every eighth elements ordered in atomic weight had similar properties

Question 5

What was Mendeleev’s Breakthrough?

Answer 5

• ordered them in atomic weight but arranged them in a periodic pattern to similar properties in them
• left gaps for undiscovered elements
• predicted elements with properties that’d fit in those gaps

Question 6

What is Group 0

Answer 6

Noble gases, stable atoms as they have a full outer shell

Question 7

What are the Reactive metals and what are their properites?

Answer 7

Group 1 and Group 2

- React vigorously with other elements and water
- Soft and easily to cut

Question 8

Properties of Alkali Metals:

Answer 8

• Good thermal conductors
• Good electrical conductors
• Lustre (having a shining apppearnce)
• Ductile
• Malleable
• React with water

Question 9

Going down the table Group 1 elements boiling and melting points :

Answer 9

Decrease

Question 10

Properties of Group 7 (Halogens) :

Answer 10

• Exist as diatomic molecules
• All form acids when reacted with hydrogen
• Combine with metals to form salts
• Form a negative ion

Question 11

What is the trend in Group 1?

Answer 11

Reactivity increases as you go down the table

Question 12

What is the trend in Group 7 (Halogens) :

Answer 12

Reactivity decreases as you go down the table

Question 13

Physical Properties of the Transition Elements:

Answer 13

• Good conductors of physical and thermal energy
• They are hard and strong
• They have high densities
• They have high melting points (Except Mercury)

Question 14

Chemical Properties of the Transition Elements:

Answer 14

Less reactive than alkali metals with oxygen, water or chlorine

Question 15

What state is hydrogen at in room temperature?

Answer 15

Gas

Question 16

What state is oxygen at in room temperature?

Answer 16

Gas

Question 17

What state is nitrogen at in room temperature?

Answer 17

Gas

Question 18

What state is flourine at in room temperature?

Answer 18

Gas

Question 19

What state is chlorine at in room temperature?

Answer 19

Gas

Question 20

What state is mercuary at in room temperature?

Answer 20

Liquid

Question 21

What state is bromine at in room temperature?

Answer 21

Liquid

Question 22

What elements are gases at room temperature?

Answer 22

Hydrogen
Oxygen
Flourine
Chlorine
Nitrogen

Question 23

What elements are liquids at room temperature?

Answer 23

Mercuary and Bromine

Question 24

What are two observations from potassium added to water?

Answer 24

• Flame
• Effervescence (fizzing)

Question 25

Why does the reactivity of elements increase going down Group 1?

Answer 25

The valence electron is further away from it's nucleus resulting in less attraction between nuclues and outer electron. Therefore the atom loses an electron more quickly