C2 Bonding

Question 1

Which electrons are used in bonding?

Answer 1

Outer electrons

Question 2

Draw a sodium ion.

Answer 2

Question 3

Group 1 metals react with what to form an ionic compound?

Answer 3

Non-metal

Question 4

What is the electronic configuration for a magnesium ion?

Answer 4

2, 8

Question 5

What group in the periodic table has the same electronic configuration as ions?

Answer 5

0 Noble Gases

Question 6

Describe how a calcium ion is formed.

Answer 6

Loses 2 outer electrons

Question 7

What is the charge on a potassium ion?

Answer 7

+1

Question 8

How is a chloride ion formed?

Answer 8

Gains 1 outer shell electron

Question 9

What do group 7 elements react with to form an ionic compound?

Answer 9

Metals

Question 10

What is the charge on an oxide ion?

Answer 10

O^2-

Question 11

What is an ion?

Answer 11

A charged particle

Question 12

What is an ionic compound?

Answer 12

Metal & Non-metal chemically bonded

Question 13

What charge will group 1 elements form?

Answer 13

+1

Question 14

What charge will the halogens form?

Answer 14

-1

Question 15

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 15

Electrostatic attraction between ion formed by the transfer of electrons

Question 16

Ionic compounds have what type of boiling and melting points? Why?

Answer 16

High, because they are lattice structure so ionic bonds would have to be broken

Question 17

When melted or dissolved in water ionic compounds conduct electricity, why?

Answer 17

Ions are free to move

Question 18

What is the formula of methane?

Answer 18

CH₄

Question 19

What are represented by ?

Answer 19

Shared pair of electrons – covalent bond

Question 20

What type of bonding is found in methane?

Answer 20

Covalent

Question 21

Why do simple molecules evaporate easily?

Answer 21

Weak intermolecular forces don’t need a lot of energy to break

Question 22

What group of elements don’t often bond because they are unreactive?

Answer 22

0 – Noble Gases

Question 23

What type of bonding is found in compounds with metals and non-metals?

Answer 23

Ionic

Question 24

What type of bonding is found in C₂H₆?

Answer 24

Covalent

Question 25

What type of bonding is found in potassium bromide?

Answer 25

Ionic

Question 26

What is the formula of potassium bromide?

Answer 26

KBr

Question 27

Explain in terms of electron transfer how potassium bromide is bonded?

Answer 27

1 outer electron is transferred from potassium to the bromine to form ions which attract

Question 28

Draw a hydrogen molecule.

Answer 28

Question 29

Draw a chlorine molecule

Answer 29

Question 30

Give a dot and cross diagram for water

Answer 30

Question 31

Draw an ammonia molecule

Answer 31

Question 32

Give a dot and cross diagram for methane

Answer 32

Question 33

Draw a hydrogen chloride molecule

Answer 33

Question 34

Give a dot and cross molecule for an oxygen molecule

Answer 34

Question 35

Is methane a simple molecular or giant covalent structure?

Answer 35

Simple Molecular

Question 36

Is diamond a simple molecular or giant covalent structure?

Answer 36

Giant Covalent

Question 37

In covalent compounds what happens to the electrons?

Answer 37

Shared

Question 38

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 38

A pair of shared electrons

Question 39

What is a double covalent bond?

Answer 39

2 pairs of shared electrons

Question 40

Why does methane have low melting and boiling points?

Answer 40

The low melting point is because it only has weak intermolecular forces that need to be broken

Question 41

Why do simple molecular substances not conduct electricity?

Answer 41

There are no free ions or electrons to move

Question 42

What type of bonding is in diamond?

Answer 42

Giant Covalent

Question 43

How many bonds does carbon make in a diamond?

Answer 43

4

Question 44

Why does diamond have a high melting point?

Answer 44

Each carbon atom has 4 strong bonds to other carbons in a giant structure so a lot of energy is needed to break them.

Question 45

Why is diamond hard?

Answer 45

Each carbon has 4 strong bonds in a giant structure

Question 46

In graphite how many bonds does carbon make?

Answer 46

3

Question 47

Why is graphite in pencils soft and slippery?

Answer 47

Layers are held together with weak forces so slide over each other

Question 48

Why does graphite conduct electricity in electrodes?

Answer 48

1 electron from each carbon is free to move

Question 49

Draw a labelled diagram for the bonding in metals

Answer 49

Question 50

What is the name of the bonding in metals?

Answer 50

Metallic

Question 51

Describe the bonding found in metals

Answer 51

Positive ions attracted to a sea of electrons

Question 52

Why do metals conduct electricity?

Answer 52

Delocalised outer electrons can move

Question 53

Why can metals be hammered and bent?

Answer 53

Layers slide over each other

Question 54

What are shape memory alloys?

Answer 54

Alloys that change shape at different temperatures

Question 55

What is the difference between a thermosoftening polymers and a thermosetting polymer?

Answer 55

Thermosoftening can be heated and reshaped but thermosetting would char

Question 56

What size are nanoparticles?

Answer 56

Very small 1-100nm

Question 57

Do nanoparticles have the same properties as the material in bulk?

Answer 57

No because of the large surface area for their volume

Question 58

Give 3 uses or nanoparticles.

Answer 58

Sun protection Socks with silver or tennis balls Catalysts