C1 Cracking, polymers and ethanol Flashcards

1
Q

What process is used to break larger hydrocarbon molecules into smaller one?

A

Cracking

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2
Q

Describe this process.

A

Vaporise the hydrocarbon and pass over a hot aluminium oxide catalyst

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3
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

Compound made from only carbon and hydrogen

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4
Q

What are the products of cracking?

A

Smaller alkanes and alkenes

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5
Q

What is a catalyst?

A

Something that speeds up a reaction without being used up

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6
Q

Give 3 uses of the products of alkenes.

A

Fuels, plastics, ethanol

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7
Q

Give the general formula of alkenes.

A

CnH2n

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8
Q

Are alkenes saturated or unsaturated?

A

Unsaturated

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9
Q

How can you test for unsaturation?

A

Bromine water is decolourised

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10
Q

What is the formula for ethene

A

C2H4

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11
Q

Draw a propene molecule.

A
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12
Q

What special feature does an alkene contain?

A

Double bond

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13
Q

What do you see if bromine is added to ethene?

A

Goes from orange to colourless

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14
Q

What is a monomer?

A

An alkene

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15
Q

What is a polymer?

A

Many monomers joined together

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16
Q

Give the reaction for the polymerisation of ethene?

A
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17
Q

Name the product for the polymerisation of ethene?

A

Polyethene

18
Q

Give the reaction for the polymerisation of propene?

A
19
Q

What feature do polymers not have that the monomers do?

A

Double bonds

20
Q

Polymers have many new uses, give 2 examples.

A

Hydrogels in nappies and waterproof coating like Gore-tex

21
Q

Many polymers are not biodegradable, what does this mean?

A

Don’t break down

22
Q

Give 2 problems with polymers not being biodegradable.

A

Fill up landfill sites and produce litter

23
Q

Some plastic bags are made from cornstarch polymer why is this useful?

A

Renewable and biodegradable

24
Q

List 3 ways in which polymers are disposed of.

A

Incineration, landfill and recycle

25
Q

Give an advantage and disadvantage for incinerating polymers.

A

Give out energy

Give out carbon dioxide which leads to global warming

26
Q

Give an advantage and disadvantage for putting polymers in landfills.

A

Easy

Don’t biodegrade so they get filled up

27
Q

Give 3 advantages of recycling polymers.

A

Less waste in landfills

Not wasting a non-renewable resource

Less pollution produced and energy used

28
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of recycling polymers.

A

Collecting and sorting

Transportation

29
Q

Give a word equation for the production of ethanol through fermentation.

A

Glucose + water → ethanol

30
Q

Describe the process of fermentation.

A

Add sugar and yeast to warm water in the absence of oxygen

31
Q

Describe another method of making ethanol

A

Reacts ethene with steam

32
Q

Give a symbol equation for the reaction of ethene and steam.

A

C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH

33
Q

If ethanol is combusted what are the products?

A

Carbon dioxide and water

34
Q

How much ethanol is produced in fermentation?

A

Less than 15%

35
Q

Which process of making ethanol is continuous?

A

Ethene method

36
Q

Which process of making ethanol uses non-renewable raw materials

A

Ethene method

37
Q

Which process of making ethanol is completed in batches?

A

Fermentation method

38
Q

Which process produces pure ethanol?

A

Ethene method

39
Q

Give advantages and disadvantages for the fermentation method

A

cheap raw material

Renewable plant material

Low temperature

batch method so slow

Impure ethanol

40
Q

Give advantages and disadvantages for the ethene method

A

pure ethanol

fast

uses non-renewable fossil fuels

high energy costs