C1.5

Question 1

What are hydrocarbons a mixture of?

Answer 1

Hydrogen and Carbon only

Question 2

What is crude oil?

Answer 2

Mixture of hydrocarbons

Question 3

What is fractional distillation?

Answer 3

Method used to separate crude oil.

Question 4

Uses of gas?

Answer 4

Fuel for vehicles, camping stoves, heating & cooking

Question 5

Uses of petrol?

Answer 5

Fuel for cars

Question 6

Uses of kerosene?

Answer 6

Aircraft fuel

Question 7

Uses of diesel oil?

Answer 7

Fuel for diesel engines

Question 8

Uses of fuel oil?

Answer 8

Large ships and power stations

Question 9

Uses of bitumen?

Answer 9

Roads and waterproofing roofs.

Question 10

As you go from gases to bitumen how do the properties change?

Answer 10

Length of molecule increases, ease of ignition increases, boiling point increases and viscosity goes from runny to thick

Question 11

What is the chemical test for carbon dioxide?

Answer 11

Bubble through limewater and it will turn it cloudy.

Question 12

What are the products of incomplete combustion?

Answer 12

Carbon dioxide, water, carbon monoxide and soot

Question 13

Problems with acid rain?

Answer 13

Damages trees, weathering of rocks, rivers and lakes become acidic killing fish.

Question 14

What is the greenhouse gas effect?

Answer 14

Light rays pass through the atmosphere and get absorbed and re-radiated by the earth as heat energy.
Heat energy is trapped by the greenhouse gases

Question 15

What are biofuels?

Answer 15

Possible alternative from fossil fuels made by plants

Question 16

Advantages and disadvantages of biofuels?

Answer 16

Biofuels need lots of land

biofuels are renewable

Question 17

What makes a good fuel?

Answer 17

Doesn't release harmful gases
easy to transport
easily available
easy to ignite
not finite
doesn't produce smoke
releases a lot of energy

Question 18

What are alkanes?

Answer 18

Saturated hydrocarbons. CnH(2n+2)

Question 19

What are alkenes?

Answer 19

Unsaturated hydrocarbons. CnH(2n)

Question 20

Test for alkenes?

Answer 20

Bromine water which is naturally brown/orange.
Alkane nothing happens
Alkene bromine turns clear

Question 21

What is catalytic cracking?

Answer 21

Large hydrocarbons are broken into smaller molecules using heat and a catalyst.
Small molecules produced are separated by distillation.

Question 22

What is polymerisation?

Answer 22

Makes long chains from lots of short ones.

Question 23

Recycling polymers?

Answer 23

Manufactured polymers do not rot away when you through them out.
When its burnt it releases toxic substances
They are hard to recycle because lots of sorting has to be done first