C1.4 - Fractional Distillation And Paper Chromatography (Finished)

Question 1

What is fractional distillation used to separate?

Answer 1

A mixture of liquids with similar boiling points

Question 2

What happens in fractional distillation?

Answer 2

1) The mixture is heated in a flask
2) The lowest boiling point liquid evaporates first
3) It can get through the fractioning column as the column is hot enough to keep it from condensing
4) If a higher boiling point liquid evaporates it will cool in the fractioning column on the beads as temp is not high enough so condense and come back down
5) Liquids are collected in certain times , or when the temperature is raised

Question 3

How does a fractioning column keep higher boiling point liquids from getting out?

Answer 3

The vapours must pass over and between glass beads to reach the top. If the glass beads are cooler than it’s boiling point, the liquid vapour will eventually condense on them and fall back down

Question 4

Why does paper Chromatography work?

Answer 4

Because some compounds in a mixture will dissolve better than others in a solvent

Question 5

Give a summary of how chromatography is carried out?

Answer 5

1) draw a ruler pencil line near the bottom of a sheet of filter paper
2) Add a spot of ink on line and place paper in solvent, keeping ink from not touching solvent
3) leave it till solvent has nearly reached top of paper
4) take out and leave to dry

Question 6

What is the end result of chromatography called?

Answer 6

A chromatogram