C12: aid

Question 1

identify the types of aid

Answer 1

emergency/humanitarian aid
bilateral aid
multilateral aid

Question 2

define aid

Answer 2

assistance given to countries/communities in event of crisis or for development of long term sustainable improvements

Question 3

emergency/humanitarian aid definition

Answer 3

definition: rapid assistance given to countries in immediate distress to relieve suffering during/after emergencies

Question 4

how emergency/humanitarian aid promotes hwb and human development

Answer 4

hwb:
- provides neccesary needs like water, food, healthcare etc
–> protects from communicable disease –> physical h+wb
- provision of supplies reduces levels of stress –> mental h+wb
- improves short term h+wb

human development:
- keeps people alive to support further action to promote long term human development
- helps preserve human rights as a condition for human development

Question 5

Bilateral aid definition

Answer 5

aid provided by gov of one country to gov of another country

advantage: helps reduce poverty and bring long term sustainable development by helping gov to strengthen their systems and become self-sufficient

disadvantage: may be based on political ties, incorrect use of aid by corrupt gov

Question 6

how bilateral aid promotes hwb and human development

Answer 6

hwb:
- helps reduce poverty
–> reduced financial stress –> mental h+wb
–> money to buy resources to reduce communicable diseases –> physical h+wb –> people feel happier –> emotional h+wb

• education programs allow people to form productive relationships as they learn –> social h+wb

human development:
- reduced poverty –> resources to achieve decent standard of living
- education programs can increase job choices + capabilities in skills

Question 7

multilateral aid definition

Answer 7

aid provided through an international organisation (eg. WHO) that combines donations from several countries and distributes it to recipients

advantage: less tied to political interests + efficient pooling of resources to address global issues and equity

Question 8

how multilateral aid promotes hwb and human development

Answer 8

hwb:
- addressing global issues
–> less relocation from rising sea levels –> stress stress + negative emotions –> mental + emotional hwb
–> reduce diseases like asthma, stroke, cvd, malaria, diarrhoea –> physical h+wb

• secure food supplies –> reduced malnutrition –> physical h+wb

human development:
- reducing disease transmission can increase life expectancy
- food supply means people have energy to work for income –> money to buy resources for decent standard of living
- when people aren’t forced to relocate –> people empowered to participate in community
- children able to attend school –> expand choices + enhance capabilities

Question 9

NGO aid

Answer 9

Non Government Organizations aid that includes aspects of emergency, bilateral, multilateral aid

Advantages:
- focuses on small community-based projects
- meets basic hwb needs + promote community participation
- brings strong connections to local communities
- can access remote/war-affected areas
- comprehensive knowledge poverty + its causes at community level

Question 10

Official development Assistance

Answer 10

financial assistance provided by donor gov agencies to Li/MI

Question 11

describe DFAT

Answer 11

Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade to promote Australia’s international interests by working to reduce poverty in LI/MI international partner countries to tackle global challenges and promote human development

Question 12

identify the key features of Australia’s aid program

Answer 12

• promote national interest
• provision of Official Development Assistsasnce
• Indo-Pacific region is focus of Australia’s aid

Question 13

key features of Australia’s aid program: promote national interest

Answer 13

Involves:
- strengthening private sector development – provides opportunity to develop and use skills productively to income income and escape poverty –> promotes economic growth+ gender equality, health

• enabling human development

Question 14

types of aid partnership: other government departments

Answer 14

DFAT works other gov agencies like Australia Federal Police to develop and moniter peace, secuirty in other countries

Question 15

types of aid partnership: private sector partnerships

Answer 15

DFAT works with private sector companies like Westpac Corporate Partnership to increase access to loans and phones for women-owned businesses in LI/MI countries –> promotes economic development

Question 16

types of aid partnership: bilateral aid

Answer 16

through DFAT, gov provides bilateral aid to help recieving govs to:
- enchance women’s voice in leadership
- promote self-reliance
- end violence against women
- increase access to support services

Question 17

types of aid partnership: multilateral aid

Answer 17

australian gov provides funds international aid organisations to:
- increase access to affordable vaccines
- support children achieve primary/lower secondary education
- helping vulnerable countries adapt to climate

Question 18

types of aid partnership: NGOs and volunteers

Answer 18

• Australia provides funds to support skilled people to volunteer in LI/MI countries

Question 19

identify Australia’s aid priorities

Answer 19

infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness

agriculture, fisheries and water

education and health

gender equality and empowering women/girls

effective governance: policies, institutions and functioning economies

building resilience: emergency aid, disaster risk reduction and social protection

Question 20

Australia’s aid priority: infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness

Answer 20

infastructure
–> building schools + hospitals
–> building water + sanitation systems

Trade facilitation
–> identify barriers and developing solutions for international trade
–> promote trade agreements and opportunities and develop solutions for international trade

International competitiveness
–> develop expertise in global trade policy and practice
–> provide microfinance

Question 21

Australia’s aid priority: gender equality and empowering women/girls

Answer 21

• enhancing womens’ voice in decision making/leadership
• promoting womens’ economic development
• ending violence against women

Question 22

Australia’s aid priority: effective governance: policies, institutions and effective economies

Answer 22

governance
–> supports anti-corruption initiatives
–> training of public servants

policies –> supports development of tax policies and administrative processes

institutions –> provides gov with advice on financial management and establishment of institutions

effective economies –> supports countries to improve budgets and meet debts

Question 23

Australia’s aid priority: agriculture, fisheries and water

Answer 23

strengthening markets
–> helping farmers/fishers participate in global markets
–> supports development of innovative agriculture practices

innovating for productivity and sustainable use of resources through innovation –> efficient and sustainable use of natural resources

promoting effective policy, governance and reform
–> assisting countries to develop policies for sustainable and open trade –> promotes economic growth

Question 24

Word Vision goals

Answer 24

• community development + poverty reduction – uses Area Development Program to reduce poverty and promote community development in a sustainable way that empowers community
• emergency relief – to restore services and equipment community to respond to emergency
• advocacy – enages with gov + community to address causes of poverty + supports projects that empower communities to speak up for greater investment in Australian aid, ending violence against kids, refugee rights

Question 25

World Vision core interventions for mother

Answer 25

• adequete diet
• access to quality maternal health services + skilled birth attendant
• birth preparedness

Question 26

World Vision core interventions for child

Answer 26

• appropriate breastfeeding
• full immunisation for age
• adequate diet including feeding and vitamin A

Question 27

Red Cross principles

Answer 27

• humanity – protect life, reduce human suffering
• impartiality – no discrimination when treating individuals
• neutrality – no sides in controversies
• independence – separate from gov to act with principles
• voluntary service – not promoted by desire for gain
• unity – open to all
• universality – all societies have equal status and responsibility for helping each other

Question 28

Red Cross works

Answer 28

• reducing impact of disasters
• meeting humanitarian needs in crisis
• hwb (water, sanitation and hygiene)

Question 29

Oxfam works

Answer 29

• respond to emergencies
• campaign for more just world
• ethical investment, banking, travel
• involve the Aus community

Question 30

Oxfam goals

Answer 30

right to be heard
- provides people with skills and knowledge to participate in life of community and decisions affecting their life (hd) –> spiritual hwb
- escaping poverty –> money to buy essential resources –> physical + mental hwb

gender justice
- empowers women to speak up and asset leadership –> reduces violence (physical hwb), can participate in life of community (hd)

saving lives
- ensures people have essential resources in crisis
- helps reduce risk of future disasters –> able to live productive, creative lives

sustainable food

fair sharing of natural resources –> reduces climate change –> improved hwb (less risk of floods, infectious diseases etc.)

finance for development – access to healthcare, vaccines, health education