C10: global trends in h+wb

Question 1

globalisation

Answer 1

the process where boundaries between countries are reduced or eliminated, allowing individuals/grousp to act on a different scale to create a global society by reducing barriers to trade, communication, transport

Question 2

causes of rising sea levels

Answer 2

climate change –> global warming –> expansion of water when its heated + increased amount of water from melting of glaciers

Question 3

impact of climate change and rising sea levels

Answer 3

• relocation of people living in coastal areas –> strain on existing infrastructure –> increased infectious diseases rate
• causes salt water to seep into underground freshwater sources –> lack of fresh drinking water –> increased poverty since people must pay more to access clean water
• causes salt water to seep into soil –> reduced food + animal produce due to increased salt in soil
• increased salt water creates unsuitable environment for coastal plants and lifelife to survive + erosion of coast used for habitat–> reduced biodiversity –> creates unsustainable food supply

Question 4

climate change and changing weather patterns/extreme weather

Answer 4

• wamer temperature –> ideal breeding ground for mosquitoes –> increased risk of infectious diseases that are spread by mosquitoes
• extreme temperatures can kill people, especially those with cvd or respiratory disease + pollen levels increase in high heat ==> higher asthma
• reduced resources in LI countries to deal with natural disasters –> increased displacement leading to homelessness
• higher temperatures + reduced rainfall affects crop growth –> limited food availability
• floods contaminate fresh water –> lack of drinking water –> increased rate of water borne diseases

Question 5

mass migration

Answer 5

movement of large groups of people from one geographical area to another
- caused by forced displacement as a result of conflict

Types of mass migration: refugees, asylum seekers, internationally displaced persons, stateless persons

Question 6

refugees

Answer 6

people who’ve fled their country and crossed international borders to find safety in another country

Question 7

asylum seekers

Answer 7

people who’ve fled their country but their request for protection in another country hasn’t been processed yet

Question 8

internationally displaced persons

Answer 8

people who’ve been forced to leave their home but haven’t crossed a border to safety. on the run in their own country

Question 9

stateless persons

Answer 9

people who don’t have a nationality to any country, so, aren’t protected by any country’s laws

Question 10

impact of mass migration

Answer 10

• strain on healthcare systems to meet needs of growing population
• these individuals live below poverty line –> inadequate shelter, food insecurity, lack of access to services and water, forced int unsafe work, children are unable to go to school, increased child abuse/alcohol violence
• often forced to live in refugee camps –> lack of sanitary facilities –> high rates of infectious diseases

Question 11

advantages of world trade

Answer 11

• promotes economic growth
• reduces poverty
• provides jobs –> income
• many trading businesses employ women –> promotes gender equality

Question 12

Disadvantages of world trade

Answer 12

• forced to work in dangerous conditions for low pay
• crowded factories have poor ventilation
• children and women who are forced into work can’t go to school + have social interactions
• increased use of pesticides in world trade reduces food availability + pollutes water sources

Question 13

positive impacts of tourism

Answer 13

• promotes inclusive + sustainable economic growth – tourism is a source of employment + income especially for LI/MI countries –> empowers individuals with finances to access services
• contributes to social inclusiveness + employment
  –> many women are employed in tourism industry –> promotes gender equality
  –> money from tourism can be invested by gov into healthcare + schools
• promotes efficient use of resources + environmental protection – money from tourism can be used to conserve wildlife and environment –> protects biodiversity
• preserves cultural values and diversity – empowers communities and fosters pride in their culture
• promotes peace and security – tourism can break barriers between cultures to build peace. tourism can also quickly recover after natural disasters, reestablishing sense of security

Question 14

negative impacts of tourism

Answer 14

• overcrowding of tourists can place strain on local infrastructure and services + can lead to increased environmental pollution
• increased waste produced by tourism industry can strain local sewage infrastructure ability to treat wastes
• increased international flying and trade for tourism can spread pathogens between countries –> infectious diseases

Question 15

positive impacts of digital technologies

Answer 15

• enables children to be registered –> allows them to have legal protection and basic human rights
• can be used to given disaster warnings
• can allow individuals to self-care themselves –> empowering them to be involved in health decisions
• enables those in rural areas to access healthcare through telehealth
• empowers people to adopt healthy behaviours by them self-diagnosing using technology
• enables individuals to maintain social connections

Question 16

negative impacts of digital technologies

Answer 16

• lack of privacy and safety for young people as there are less online child protection policies
• increased levels of bullying and harassment
• exposure to inappropriate content