C11 - Polymers Flashcards
What are polymers?
A series of identical molecules joined to form one long chaiin
What are the small molecules within polymers called?
Monomers
When lots of monomers join together they create a polymer. What is this reaction called?
Polymerisation
What do polymerisation reactions require?
High temperatures and a catalyst
What is addition polymerisation?
Where lots of unsaturated monomers (C=C) open their double bonds and join together
What is condensation polymerisation?
Where monomers with different functional groups, join together
Why is it called condensation polymerisation?
Because for every new bond that forms between monomers, a small molecule (like water) is lost
What is one difference between addition polymerisation and condensation polymerisation?
- Addition: one product formed | condensation: two products formed (polymer + a small molecule)
- Addition: only uses the alkene function group | condensation: uses two functional groups
How many functional group does an amino acid contain?
Two
What is the smallest and simplest amino acid
Glycine
What are the two functional groups an animo acid contains?
A basic amino group (-NH2) and a Carboxylic acid group (-COOH)
One or more long chains of polypeptides are known as _________
Proteins
What are DNA molecules made up of?
Nucleotide polymers
Amino acids can bond together by condensation polymerisation. State the type of polymer formed from this reaction.
Polypeptides
Name three naturally occurring polymers.
Proteins
Starch
DNA
