C1.1 -Enzymes & Metabolism

Question 1

what are enzymes

Answer 1

protein based biological catalyst

Question 2

catalysts

Answer 2

increase the rate of chemical reactions

Question 3

purpose of enzymes

Answer 3

required to speed up reactions and allow them to occur at reasonable temperatures

Question 4

metabolism

Answer 4

sum of all the ezyme catalyzed reactions in a cell

Question 5

activation energy

Answer 5

energy needed to destabalize bonds so reactions can occur

Question 6

globular proteins

Answer 6

3D protein structures

Question 7

induced fit model

Answer 7

active site in substrate specific, but not fixed shape

Question 8

describe the induced fit model process

Answer 8

1. substrate binds to active site
2. active site changes shape
3. affects bonding in substrate
4. products are released
5. active site returns to original shape

Question 9

anabolic reactions

Answer 9

smaller to big
making bonds
condensation
requires energy
ex: photosynthesis

Question 10

catabolic reactions

Answer 10

big to smaller
breaking bonds
hydrolysis
releases energy
ex: cell respiration (release of ATP)

Question 11

role of molecular motion & collisions in catalysis

Answer 11

chemical reactions require collion
increasing temp/concentration increases collision rates
molecules must be in correct orientation

Question 12

denaturation

Answer 12

permanent change to 3D structure of active site, unable to catalyze reactions

Question 13

denaturing factors

Answer 13

temperature, pH, substrate concentration

Question 14

movement of enzyme & substrate in DNA replication

Answer 14

enzyme to substrate

Question 15

movement of enzyme & substrate in ATP synthase

Answer 15

substrate to enzyme

Question 16

movement of enzyme & substrate in cellular reactions

Answer 16

enzyme and substrate move towards each other