C11 Flashcards
What are polymers?
They are a huge molecule made from lots of small molecules called monomers that are joined up.
It goes from ethene as an example as a monomer to poly(ethene) as the polymer.
What is addition polymerisation?
It is where the repeating unit has the same atoms as the monomer as when the double carbon bond opens up in polymerisation, no other molecule is formed in the reaction. Addition polymerisation=the addition polymer
What is condensation polymerisation?
Where there is a small molecule released such as water in a polymerisation reaction. Condensation polymerisation=the condensation polymer + a small molecule.
How are polyesters formed?
Through the condensation polymerisation of a diol and a dicarboxylic acid, giving out a H2O in the reaction.
How are polysaccharides made from sugars?
Glucose monosaccharide=starch polysaccharides+ water
Glucose monosaccharide=cellulose polysaccharides+ water
How are polypeptides and proteins made from amino acids?
The monomers of proteins are amino acids which either have a basic functional group or an acidic functional group. As acids and bases react together, amino acids can if they have reactive groups at each end.
What is a nucleotide?
It is a repeating unit of monomers found in DNA.
How is DNA formed?
Millions of nucleotides=DNA + water
What does a DNA molecule consist of?
Two polymer strands with sugars bonded to phosphate groups intertwined into a double helix.
