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GCSE - Chemistry > C10 - organic reactions > Flashcards

C10 - organic reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

what does a functional group do

A

gives a family of organic compounds their characteristic reactions

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2
Q

what is a homologous series

A

a family of organic compounds with the same functional group

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3
Q

what is the general formula for an alkene

A

cₙH₂ₙ

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4
Q

how can you test ethene

A

lighted spill burns with smokier yellow flame

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5
Q

why are alkenes not used as fuels

A

they release less energy per mole in combustion due to the incomplete combustion

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6
Q

what makes alkenes more reactive than alkanes

A

their c=c double bond

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7
Q

what is the chemical equation for the reaction of ethene with bromine

A

ethene+bromine-> dibromoethane
C2H4 + Br2 -> C2H4Br2

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8
Q

what happens when you react an alkene with hydrogen

A

the alkene becomes an alkane

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9
Q

describe the reaction environment between an alkene and hydrogen

A

takes place at 60 degrees C
presence of nickel catalyst

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10
Q

what happenes when you react an alkene with steam

A

produces ethanol

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11
Q

which functional group do alcohols contain

A

-OH group

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12
Q

which functional group do carboxylioc acids contain

A

-COOH-

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13
Q

which functional group do esters contain

A

-COO-

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14
Q

how are alcohols used

A

solvents
fuels

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15
Q

how does ethanol burn

A

with a clean blue flame

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16
Q

how do alcohols react with sodium

A

bubbles
gets smaller and smaller as it forms solution of sodium ethoxide in the ethanol

17
Q

what happens when you oxidise an alcohol

A

forms a carboxylic acid and water

18
Q

what is the main acid in vinegar

A

ethanoic acid

19
Q

why does beer and wine taste like vinegar if it has been left out too long

A

the ethanol is oxidising and becoming ethanoic acid

20
Q

what happens when carboxylic acids dissolve in water

A

form acidic solutions

21
Q

what is the equation for the reaction of ethanoic acid with sodium carbonate

A

ethanoic acid + sodium carbonate -> socium ethanoate + water + carbon dioxide
same reaction as any acid

22
Q

why are carboxylic acids called weak acids

A

because co2 gas is given off more slowly in a carboxylic acid than other acids, as they dont fully ionise
higher pH

23
Q

what is the equation for the reaction of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol

A

carboxylic acid + alcohol <=> ester+ water
acid used as catalyst

24
Q

what are the properties of esters

A

volatile
smell sweet and fruity

GCSE - Chemistry (10 decks)

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