C1 Metals and Non-Metals (page 107)

Question 1

Most Elements are Metals or Non-Metals?

Answer 1

Metals

Question 2

What are Metals?

Answer 2

Metals are elements which can form Positive Ions when they react

Question 3

Where are Metals on the Periodic Table?

Answer 3

They’re towards the bottom and to the left of the periodic table

Question 4

Where are Non-Metals on the Periodic Table?

Answer 4

Non-Metals are at the far right and top of the periodic table

Question 5

What are Non-Metals?

Answer 5

Non-Metals don’t generally form positive ions when the react

Question 6

The Electronic Sturcture of Atoms affects what?

Answer 6

How they will react

Question 7

Atoms generally react to form what?

Answer 7

A full outer shell.

Question 8

How do Atoms react to form a full outer shell?

Answer 8

By losing, gaining or sharing electrons

Question 9

Metals to the left of the periodic table don’t have many electrons to remove, what do this mean?

Answer 9

This means that not much energy is needed to remove the electrons so it’s feasible for the elements to react to form positive ions with a full outer shell

Question 10

Metals towards the bottom of the pperiodic table have outer electrons, what do this mean?

Answer 10

they are a long way from the nucleus so feel a weaker attraction.

Again, these effects mean that not much energy is needed to remove the electrons so it’s feesible for the elements to react to form positive ions with a full outer shell.

Question 11

Non-metals forming positive ions is much more difficult, why is this?

Answer 11

They are either to the right of the periodic table - where they have lots of electrons to remove to get a full outer shell, or towards the top - where the outer electrons are close to the nucleus so feel a strong attraction. It is far more feasible for them to either share or gain electrons to get a full outer shell.

Question 12

All metals have metallic bonding, why is this?

Answer 12

it causes them to have similar basic physical properties

eg: they’re strong (hard to break), can be bent or hammered, they’re great at conducting heat and electricity. they have high boilling and melting points.

Question 13

Non-metals dont have metallic bonding, what properties do they have?

Answer 13

they dont tend to exhibit the sam properties as metals.

they tend to be dull looking, more brittle, aren’t always solids at room temperature and don’t generally conduct electricity, and often have a lower density

Question 14

Iodine generally reacts by forming negative ions. Is iodine a metal or a non-metal?

Answer 14

Non-Metal

Question 15

State three properties of Metals?

Answer 15

Any three from:

metals tend to be strong
good conductors of heat
good at conducting electricity
Malleable (capbale of being shaped or bending)
high melting/boiling temperatures

Question 16

State wheather metals generally form positive or negative ions. Explain why they form these ions with reference to their position in the periodic table

Answer 16

Positive Ions

Metals can be towards the left of the periodic table, where they don’t have many electrons in their outer shell.

or

they can be towards the bottom of the periodic table where the outer electrons are along way from the nucleus so feel a week attraction

This means that not much energy is needed to remove the outer electrons and form a positive ion